2009-2018年中国农用地多功能利用与乡村发展的时空耦合关系

Spatiotemporal Coupling Relation Between Multi-functional Use of Agricultural Land and Rural Development in China During 2009-2018

[目的]探讨中国农用地多功能利用与乡村发展的协调水平及其时空异质性特征,助力乡村振兴。[方法]重构农用地多功能利用与乡村发展指标体系,应用TOPISIS模型测算2009—2018年中国农用地多功能利用与乡村发展指数,引入耦合协调度模型、空间自相关模型分析两者的协调水平、时空演变特征及集聚程度。[结果](1)中国农用地多功能利用指数与乡村发展水平持续上升,二者在空间分布上呈"东部>中部>东北>西部"的特征且表现出均衡发展的趋势。(2)中国农用地多功能利用与乡村发展协调水平略有提升,各省份已由濒临失调为主优化为初级协调类型为主,耦合协调类型呈"东高西低,中部以湖北省为高值"的分布特征,西部初级协调类型呈由分散布局演变为集中排列的地理特征,优化趋势显著。(3)中国各省份间耦合协调性Moral’s I始终保持正值,空间集聚程度较高,中部江西、安徽、河南成为区域极化中心,西部与东北多为"L-L"型。[结论]中国农用地多功能利用与乡村发展耦合协调水平地域差异明显,随着乡村振兴实施进程的加快,有逐渐均衡的态势。统筹推进乡村土地综合整治,开展生态治理与修复和优化产业布局是促进农用地多功能利用与乡村高质量协调发展,缩短区域差距的重要措施。

[Objective]The coordination level and spatiotemporal heterogeneity between multifunctional agricultural land use and rural development in China were analyzed in order to promote rural revitalization.[Methods]The multi-functional agricultural land use and rural development index system were reconstructed.The TOPISIS model was used to measure the multi-functional agricultural land use and rural development index in China from^(2)009 to 2018.Coupling coordination degree model and spatial autocorrelation model were introduced to analyze the coordination level,spatiotemporal evolution characteristics,and agglomeration degree of the two indexes.[Results]①The multifunctional index of agricultural land use and the level of rural development in China continued to rise over time,and their spatial distribution showed that the distribution characteristics followed the order of“east>middle>northeast>west”,and implied a trend of balanced development.②The coordination level of multi-functional use of agricultural land and rural development in China had improved slightly over time,and all provinces had been optimized from the near-imbalance type to the primary coordination type.Additionally,the distribution characteristics of coupling coordination types were“high in the east and low in the west with Hubei Province as the high value in the central part”.The geographical characteristics of primary coordination types in the west changed from a scattered layout to a centralized arrangement,and the optimization trend was significant.③Moral’s I of coupling coordination among provinces in China had always been positive with a high degree of spatial agglomeration.Jiangxi,Anhui,and He’nan Province in Central China had become the regional polarization center,while the western and northeastern regions were mostly low-low(L-L)type.[Conclusion]The level of coupling and coordination of multi-functional agricultural land use and rural development in China has obvious regional differences.As implementation of rural revitalization accelerates,there has been a trend towards gradual equilibrium.Promoting the comprehensive improvement of rural land,carrying out ecological management and restoration,and optimizing industrial layout are the important means for promoting multi-functional use of agricultural land and high-quality coordinated development of rural areas,as well as shortening of the regional gap.