宁南山区生态环境与社会经济的耦合协调发展

Coupling and Coordinated Development of Ecological Environment and Social Economy in Mountainous Area of Southern Ningxia Region

[目的]研究宁南山区生态环境与经济系统的协调发展状况,为该区可持续发展提供科学依据。[方法]以宁南山区为研究区,基于该区9个县的各项生态与经济基本指标,构建自然生态系统与社会经济系统指标体系,使用熵值法确定各指标权重,计算自然生态系统和社会经济系统综合指数。在此基础上,利用耦合度模型和耦合协调度模型分析社会经济系统与生态环境系统的耦合协调状态以及演变趋势。[结果](1)在2000—2017年,宁南山区各县社会经济发展水平逐步上升,自然生态系统综合指数整体呈波动下降趋势。(2)宁南山区各县耦合度呈现先上升后稍有下降的趋势,但整体范围保持在[0.89,1],处于较高水平。(3)宁南山区耦合协调度类型属于协调发展类。2015—2017年盐池县的协调度有所下降,同心县的协调度上升程度较低,其余县均保持上升趋势。[结论]近些年,随着经济水平的提高,宁南山区生态环境承载力逐渐不能适配其快速发展的社会经济,生态与经济之间的矛盾逐渐显露。耦合协调度模型较好地反映了宁南山区生态环境与社会经济之间交互胁迫的发展过程,为正确认识宁南山区生态与经济系统耦合发展规律提供了依据。

[Objective]Coupling development between the natural ecosystem and the social economy system in the mountainous area of the Southern Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region was studied in order to provide a scientific basis for its sustainable development.[Methods]The mountainous area of Southern Ningxia was chosen as the research area,and an index system for the natural ecosystem and the social economy system was constructed using basic ecological and economic indicators for the region.Then the entropy method was used to determine the weight of each index,and this weight was used to calculate the comprehensive development index of the natural ecosystem and the social economy system.The model of coupling degree and the model of coupling harmony was used to analyze the coupling coordination state and the variation trend between the natural ecosystem and the social economy system.[Results]①During 2000—2017,the level of social and economic development of each county increased gradually,and the comprehensive development index of the natural ecosystem showed a fluctuating downward trend.②The coupling degree of the study area showed an initial rising trend that subsequently decreased slightly.However,the overall range remained at 0.89—1.00,which was a high level.③The coupling coordination degree of the mountainous area of Southern Ningxia belonged to the coordinated development type.From^(2)015 to 2017,the degree of coordination in Yanchi County decreased,while the degree of coordination in Tongxin County increased slightly,and the degree of coordination of other counties maintained an upward trend.[Conclusion]With the increase in economic level in recent years,the contradiction between ecology and economy has gradually been revealed because the carrying capacity of the ecological environment in the mountainous area of Southern Ningxia has gradually been unable to adapt to the rapid development of the social economy.The model of coupling coordination degree can well reflect the development process of the interactive stress between the ecological environment and the social economy in the mountainous area of Southern Ningxia,thereby providing the basis for correctly understanding the coupling development law for the ecological and economic systems.