抑郁症模型鼠肠道菌群的研究进展

Research progress of intestinal microflora in animal models of depression

抑郁症已成为危害人类健康的重要因素,由于技术和伦理的限制许多有关抑郁症的研究不能直接应用于人体,而动物模型的构建则为此类研究提供了便利。区别于传统基于下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴(the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis,HPA)的研究方向,脑-肠-微生物轴假说的提出为探究抑郁症的发病机制提供了一条新途径和新方法,即从肠道菌群入手探究抑郁症的发病规律及治疗方法。基于肠道菌群思路来治疗抑郁症潜力大、副作用小、优势突出,其在缓解抑郁症病情及机制研究中成果丰硕,但问题也逐渐凸显。本文主要依据国内外该方面的研究成果,总结了抑郁症模型鼠中肠道菌群丰度、多样性方面的变化规律,重点介绍了该领域已经取得的研究成果和发展趋势,分析了当前研究仍存在的问题,并对如何更精确地获得抑郁症模型中肠道菌群的实验结果提出了建议。

Depression has become an important factor that endangers human health.Due to technical and ethical limitations,many studies on depression can not be directly applied to humans,and the construction of animal models provides convenience for such research.Different from the traditional research direction based on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis(HPA),the brain-gut-microbial axis hypothesis provides a new approach and new method for exploring the pathogenesis of depression,which is to explore the onset of depression and treatment methods from the intestinal flora.The results of the current research show that the treatment of depression based on the intestinal flora has great potential,small side effects,and outstanding advantages.It has achieved fruitful results in the study of the alleviation of depression and its mechanism,but the problems have gradually become prominent.Based on the research results in this area at home and abroad,this review summarized the changes in the abundance and diversity of intestinal flora in depression model mice,and focused on the research results and development trends that have been achieved in this field.Also we analyzed the existing problems in current research,and put forward suggestions on how to obtain the experimental results of the intestinal flora in the depression model more accurately.