骨生物支架材料诱导的血管生成

Angiogenesis induced by bone bioscaffold materials

背景:生物支架材料诱导建立的血管网络对于细胞存活和新骨形成是至关重要的。近年来,骨组织工程的学者们更多地关注了骨再生过程中不同支架材料对血管生成的影响。目的:阐述能促进血管生成骨生物支架材料的特点及其在促血管化过程中的作用。方法:由第一作者以"Osteogenesis、Biomaterials、bone defect、Angiogenesis、vascularization"为英文检索词,以"成骨分化、生物材料、骨缺损、血管生成、血管化"为中文检索词,检索PubMed、知网数据库中2016至2020年已发表的相关文献,并进行筛选、归纳与总结,最终纳入82篇相关文献进行综述。结果与结论:支架材料植入后建立的早期血管网络能够提供足够的营养并运输代谢物质,如果局部血管网络形成缓慢造成血液供应缺乏,将导致成骨过程的延迟甚至无法形成新骨。研究人员通过改变支架材料理化性质、负载生长因子缓释系统、结合微量元素或模拟骨膜结构等方式对支架材料进行修饰,使其在诱导骨再生过程中能促进早期血管生成,有利于整个骨再生过程。但受限于当前制造技术及缺乏相关基础研究,目前生物支架材料更多在于对支架材料单一因素的改变进行研究。未来随着制造技术的提升及更多新型生物材料的研发,将制作出集多尺寸孔隙结构、微/纳米级多层级表面形貌为一体的生物支架材料,同时随着对体内骨再生过程中各生长因子分泌释放的精确性研究,以及对缓释、控释系统的精确把握,也将进一步提升生物支架材料的促血管生成作用。

BACKGROUND:The vascular network induced by the bioscaffold material is essential for cell survival and new bone formation.In recent years,scholars of bone tissue engineering have paid more attention to the influence of different scaffold materials on angiogenesis during bone regeneration.OBJECTIVE:To describe the characteristics of bone scaffold materials that can promote angiogenesis and their role in promoting vascularization.METHODS:The first author used"osteogenesis,biomaterials,bone defect,angiogenesis,vascularization"as the English search terms,and used"osteogenic differentiation,biomaterials,bone defect,angiogenesis,vascularization"as the Chinese search terms to search relevant articles published from 2016 to 2020 in the PubMed and CNKI databases.After screening and summarizing,the authors finally chose 82 relevant articles for review.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The early establishment of the vascular network after the implantation of scaffold materials can provide sufficient nutrients and transport metabolites,while the slow formation of local vascular network that leads to insufficient blood supply will delay osteogenesis or even fail to form new bones.Researchers modified the scaffold materials by various methods,such as the change of the physical and chemical properties of the implanted scaffold materials,the loaded sustained-release system with growth factor,and the combination of trace elements or simulation of periosteal structure,to promote early angiogenesis in the process of osteogenesis.However,due to limitations of the current manufacturing technology and the lack of relevant basic research,studies about bioscaffold materials focused on the change of a single factor.In the future,with the improvement of manufacturing technology,the research and development of more new biomaterials will produce bioscaffold materials that integrate porous,micro-nano and multi-level surface morphologies.Meanwhile,with the precise study of the secretion and release of various growth factors during osteogenesis,as well as the precise grasp of the slow-release and controlled-release systems,the angiogenesis-promoting effect of bioscaffold materials will be further improved.