线粒体自噬——青光眼的双刃剑

Mitochondrial autophagy: a double-edged sword of glaucoma

青光眼作为不可逆致盲性眼病之首,严重影响人们的视力。青光眼致盲的主要机制是视神经损害,青光眼视神经损害表现为特征性的视神经萎缩,是视网膜神经节细胞变性、坏死的体现。有研究发现,视网膜神经节细胞的凋亡与线粒体自噬密切相关。线粒体自噬广泛存在于真核细胞中,是线粒体降解的主要机制,完整的线粒体自噬对视神经具有一定的保护作用,而不完整的线粒体自噬可能加速视网膜神经节细胞的凋亡,线粒体自噬在青光眼中的作用有利有弊。本文对线粒体自噬对青光眼的利弊进行综述,为青光眼的防治研究提供新思路。

Glaucoma as the first irreversible blindness of the eye disease, seriously affects people’s vision. The main mechanism of glaucoma blindness is optic nerve damage, which shows characteristic optic nerve atrophy in glaucoma, and is the embodiment of degeneration and necrosis of retinal ganglion cells. Studies have found that the apoptosis of retinal ganglion cells is closely related to mitochondrial autophagy. Mitochondrial autophagy is widely present in eukaryotic cells and is the main mechanism of mitochondrial degradation. Complete mitochondrial autophagy has a certain protective effect on the optic nerve, while incomplete mitochondrial autophagy may accelerate the apoptosis of retinal ganglion cells.Mitochondrial autophagy has both advantages and disadvantages in glaucoma. In this paper, the advantages and disadvantages of mitochondrial autophagy in glaucoma were reviewed to provide a new idea for the prevention and treatment of glaucoma.