内皮糖萼与动脉粥样硬化

Glycocalyx and atherosclerosis

血管保护性内皮细胞功能障碍是动脉粥样硬化(atherosclerosis, AS)病理进展的始动因素。保持血管内皮表面糖萼的完整性可在一定程度上减轻AS程度,糖萼受损可能通过调节内皮细胞通透性、缝隙连接细胞间的通讯功能、剪切力、白细胞和血小板黏附以及单核细胞黏附和巨噬细胞浸润等介导AS的发生发展。此外,内皮细胞糖萼的降解程度可作为血管内皮功能障碍的评价指标。加强对血管内皮糖萼的保护和重建也成为近年来AS治疗的研究热点。本文主要就内皮糖萼在AS中的研究进展作一综述。

Dysfunction of the vasculoprotective endothelial cell is the initiating factor for the pathological progression of atherosclerosis. Maintaining the integrity of glycocalyx over the vascular endothelial surface can ameliorate the progression of atherosclerosis to some extent, and impaired glycocalyx may mediate the occurrence and development of atherosclerosis by regulating endothelial cell permeability, gap-junctionmediated cell-to-cell communication, shear stress, adhesion of leukocytes and platelets, monocyte adhesion and macrophage infiltration. Moreover, the degradation degree of endothelial glycocalyx can be used as an evaluation index of vascular endothelial dysfunction. Strengthening the protection and reconstruction of endothelial glycocalyx has also become a research hot spot for the treatment of atherosclerosis in recent years.This paper mainly reviews the research progress of endothelial glycocalyx in atherosclerosis.