中共早期培养工人阶级意识的探索

The CPC’s Early Explorations to Cultivate a Class Consciousness Among the Working Class

中国共产党成立后,结合中国工人的现状,集中从教育、宣传和组织三个层面培养其阶级意识:开办工人补习学校,使工人在共同学习的空间接受新的话语,产生阶级情感的共鸣,认同阶级身份;创办工人报刊,发行特号、特刊,传播马列主义理论,报道典型罢工事件,使工人认识到共同的阶级利益,产生共同信仰,提出共同诉求;召开全国劳动大会,引导工人从经济斗争走向政治斗争,消除帮口、行会固有的角色与身份差异的分歧,使工人阶级走向统一。中共遵照马列主义理论,立足于工人的阶级意识培养,使一盘散沙的无产者成长为无产阶级,既体现党的理论自觉,更反映了党的使命担当。

Since its earliest stages,the CPC was devoted to cultivating a class consciousness from the perspective of education,propaganda,and organization according to the situation of Chinese workers.The CPC set up schools for workers to continue learning new discourses together to resonate with their class identities.The CPC established workers’newspapers and journals and published articles in special issues to advocate Marxist and Leninist theory and to report on typical strike events.In this way,they helped the workers to realize their common interests,form common beliefs,and raise common demands.The CPC also held National Labor Conferences to guide workers to struggle for political rights,to eliminate the gaps between the traditional roles of cliques and guilds and their current identities,and to unify the working class.In its early days,by following Marxist and Leninist theory,the CPC managed to instill in the minds of the workers a class consciousness and to unify the dispersed proletariat into a united proletariat,which reflected the CPC’s theoretical consciousness as well as its mission and responsibility.