英国持续代理制度论析及对我国《民法典》完善的启示

An analysis of the Lasting Power of Attorney System in UK and its enlightenment to the improvement of our country’s Civil Code

英国持续代理制度即英国的意定监护制度。意定监护是委托人预先设定其意识能力丧失后人身、财产事务的代理,对其行为能力进行延伸。我国《民法典》以及《老年人权益保障法》虽然也规定了意定监护制度,但实践中凸显了其存在的缺陷和问题。鉴于此项制度充分体现了维护人性尊严、尊重本人自我决定权,对委托人的人身、财产、社会效益都具有积极意义,结合英国《心智能力法案》,针对我国立法存在的问题,提出完善我国意定监护制度的建议。

The Lasting Power of Attorney in UK is the Appointed Guardianship System,which indicates that the client can guarantee the agency of follow-up life affairs in advance and provide protection for it.Appointed Guardianship is an agent for the principal to pre-determine the personal and property affairs after the loss of his will,and to extend his capacity.Although our country’s " Civil Code" and " Law on the Protection of the Rights and Interests of the Elderly" also stipulate the system of intentional guardianship,the practice of intentional guardianship highlights the existing defects and problems.In view of the fact that this system fully embodies the maintenance of human dignity and respect for the self-determination of the person,it has positive significance for the personal,property,and social benefits of the client.Combined with the UK " Mental Capacity Act",in response to the problems of our country’s intended guardianship system,this article put forward suggestions for perfecting our country’s intended guardianship system.