两种术前宣教干预方式对缓解青少年特发性脊柱侧凸矫形手术患者焦虑和疼痛状态的影响

Influence of two preoperative publicity and education intervention methods on relieving anxiety and pain in adolescent patients undergoing orthopedic surgery for idiopathic scoliosis

目的探讨两种术前焦虑和疼痛宣教干预方式对缓解青少年特发性脊柱侧凸矫形手术患者焦虑和疼痛状态的影响。方法本研究纳入2015年1月-2020年1月在新疆医科大学第六附属医院脊外一科接受特发性脊柱侧凸矫形手术的72例患者。按术前宣教干预方式不同,分为干预组和对照组。干预组患者术前由护理人员进行多媒体健康宣教,对照组患者进行标准的口头健康宣教。术前一天和术后第二天利用状态-特质焦虑量表(state-trait anxiety inventory,STAI)及疼痛视觉模拟量表(VAS)对患者进行焦虑和疼痛状况分析。结果两组患者在术前一天的心率、呼吸频率、STAI评分和VAS评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组患者术后第二天心率、呼吸频率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。干预组术后第二天STAI评分和VAS评分显著低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论术前健康宣教干预在减轻脊柱侧凸矫形手术患者术后焦虑和疼痛方面有显著效果,值得推广应用。

Objective To explore the effect of two preoperative interventions for anxiety and pain education on alleviat⁃ing the anxiety and pain status of adolescent patients with idiopathic scoliosis orthopedic surgery.Methods This study included 72 patients who underwent orthopedic surgery for idiopathic scoliosis in the hospital from January 2015 to January 2020.According to the different methods of preoperative publicity and education intervention,they were divid⁃ed into intervention group and control group.The patients in the intervention group were given multimedia health education by nursing staff before the operation,and the patients in the control group received standard oral health educa⁃tion.The state-trait anxiety inventory(STAI)and the pain visual analog scale(VAS)were used to analyze the patient’s anxiety and pain before and on the second day after surgery.Results There was no significant difference in heart rate,respiratory rate,anxiety score and VAS score between the two groups of patients before surgery(P>0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in heart rate and respiratory rate between the two groups of patients on the second day after surgery(P>0.05).The anxiety score and VAS score of the intervention group on the second day after opera⁃tion were significantly lower than those of the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Preoperative health education inter⁃vention has a significant effect in informing patients of scoliosis correction surgery to reduce postoperative pain,anxi⁃ety and pain,and is worthy of promotion and application.