非编码RNA编码多肽的研究进展

Research progress in peptides encoded by non-coding RNA

非编码RNA(ncRNA)过去被认为是一类不具备蛋白编码功能的基因转录产物,但越来越多的研究表明部分ncRNA能够编码产生功能性多肽,且通过测序、质谱等技术可以证实此类ncRNA和多肽往往具有较高的保守性和同源性。本文以"非编码RNA"和"多肽"为关键词在多个数据库进行了相关研究的检索,对编码多肽的ncRNA特征、编码多肽的检测方法、生物学功能及其临床应用价值进行了综述。结果表明这些功能性多肽参与了包括调节肿瘤发生发展、调节肌肉活动以及调节免疫应答等过程,将来可将ncRNA来源的多肽作为一类新型的标志物在疾病早期诊断、疗效判断及预后观察等方面发挥重要作用,同时将ncRNA编码的多肽作为靶点亦可为肿瘤的个体化精准治疗提供新的思路。

Non-coding RNA(ncRNA)used to be considered as a class of gene transcripts without protein-coding capacity.Whereas emerging evidence has demonstrated that a small fraction of ncRNAs are still capable of producing functional peptides.Such ncRNAs and corresponding peptides are highly conserved and homologous,and can be detected by sequencing or mass spectrometry analysis.In this paper,we searched several databases with the keywords of"non-coding RNA"and"peptide",and briefly reviewed the characteristics of ncRNA that can be translated into functional small peptides,detection methods of peptides,biological functions of peptides and clinical application value of peptides.The results show that these functional peptides are often involved in disease processes,such as regulation of tumor progression,muscle activity and immune disorders.NcRNA-encoded peptides can be used as novel and efficacious disease diagnostic,therapeutic,and prognostic tools,and further develop as anticancer therapeutic targets to provide new ideas for individual precise treatment of tumors.