我国外贸“十三五”发展回顾及“十四五”展望

Review of the Development of China.s Foreign Trade in the 13th Five-Year Plan and Prospect of the 14th Five-Year Plan

"十三五"时期,我国外贸处在"优势交替期""动能转换期"和"目标更替期"三期并行的重要阶段,外贸发展按照"淡化增量、结构优先"的发展思路,在商品结构、市场结构、贸易方式和国内外布局等方面均实现显著优化。然而,按照新时期高质量发展目标审视,中国外贸仍存在发展的短板和不足,主要表现在动力短板、创新短板、制度短板和结构短板四个方面。文章提出,"十四五"时期,外贸要按照"融合发展、主体强化、创新驱动"的发展思路,要注重拓展"外贸+"融合度,提升外贸服务双循环新发展格局能力;加大外贸主体培育和扶持力度,强化外贸企业在贸易高质量发展中的主体地位;加快推动外贸创新发展,构建以创新为核心的新动能增长体系,在新发展格局中更好发挥联通内外的纽带功能。

During the13 th Five-Year Plan period,China.s foreign trade is in the important stage of alternating period of advantages,kinetic energy conversion period and target replacement period.In accordance with the development idea of desalinating increment and giving priority to structure,significant optimization have been achieved in commodity structure,market structure,trade mode and domestic and foreign layout,and foreign trade development has become more balanced and coordinated,with further improvement in quality and efficiency.However,according to the standards of high-quality development goals in the new era,there are still shortcomings in China.s foreign trade development,which are mainly manifested in four aspects:power shortboard,innovation shortboard,system shortboard and structure shortboard.This article believes that,during the period of the14 th Five-Year Plan,China.s foreign trade development should follow the idea of integration development,strengthening the main body and innovation driven,pay attention to expanding the integration of foreign trade and enhancing the ability of the new development pattern of the dual circulation of foreign trade services,increasing the cultivation and support of foreign trade subjects and strengthening the main position of enterprises in the high-quality development of trade,accelerating the promotion of innovative development of foreign trade and building a new kinetic energy growth system with innovation as the core,so as to better play the link function of unicom inside and outside in the construction of the new development pattern of dual circulation.