北魏平城时代高句丽移民史事考略——以《申洪之墓志》为线索

On the Goguryeo Immigrants in Pingcheng during the Northern Wei Period:a Case Study of the Epitaph of Sheng Hongzhi

《申洪之墓志》中出现的高郁突,系天兴元年(398年)被拓跋珪从中山迁徙至平城地区的高句丽移民。拓跋珪将高郁突等高句丽移民安置于繁畤,即今山西省朔州市应县边耀乡一带,分地定居,计口授田,配以牛耕等生产工具,发展农业生产。北魏统治者根据高句丽原有组织形式,利用高句丽贵族阶层来协助管理移民群体,并给予贵族阶层土地封赏、赐姓易名等优待政策。

Based on the analysis of the epitaph of Shen Hongzhi,it can be clarified that Gao Yutu was a Koguryo immigrant who moved from Zhongshan to Pingcheng during the first year of the Tianxing(398 CE)era of the Northern Wei Dynasty.Texts also show that Tuoba Gui settled most Koguryo immigrants in Fanshi,which is adjacent to present-day Bianyao town in Yingxian,Shanxi.In addition,land and cattle were allocated to those immigrants by the rulers of Northern Wei in order to help them develop agricultural production.According to the original social organization of Koguryo,the rulers of the Northern Wei Dynasty collaborated with the chief members of Koguryo to manage those immigrants.Various strategies were adopted such as bestowing land and new names that represent high social status in order to strengthen the governance of the Northern Wei Dynasty.