教学神经学:历史进路、理论意蕴与实践价值

Teaching Neurology:Historical Approach,Theoretical Implication and Practical Value

近年来随着脑科学的发展,认知神经科学对学生学习脑机制的探索取得了诸多成就。认真汲取认知神经科学的研究成果,积极推进教学神经学研究,是当前教学论科学化道路上又一重要研究任务。作为一门新兴的交叉学科,教学神经学是将认知神经学、学习心理学和教学论整合起来,研究基于学生学习脑机制,优化教学行为并科学引导学生有效学习的一门教学论分支学科。在研究对象上,教学神经学研究域主要包括学生学习机制、教学变量验证、教学艺术形成策略;在研究方法上,课堂生态研究法是教学神经学的主要研究方法。当前,开展教学神经学研究具有重大理论和实践意义。它既是教学论学科发展的新的理论生长点,又有利于实践中基于证据实施教学,破除教学中的“神经神话”,科学提高学生学习效益与教师教学质量。教学神经学的学科建设需要政策层面自上而下引导支持,加大跨学科人才培养力度,积极开展跨学科研究,提升教学神经学理论与应用科学化水平。

With the development of brain science in recent years,many achievements have been made in exploring the brain mechanism of students’learning in cognitive neuroscience.It is another important research task to seriously absorb the achievements of cognitive neuroscience and actively promote the research of teaching neurology.As an emerging interdiscipline,teaching neurology is a sub-discipline of teaching theory that integrates cognitive neuroscience,learning psychology and teaching theory,studies the brain mechanisms based on students’learning,optimizes teaching behaviors,and scientifically guides students to learn effectively.In terms of research objects,the research domain of teaching neurology mainly includes the student learning mechanism,the verification of teaching variables and the forming strategies of teaching art;in terms of research methods,the research method of classroom ecology is the main research method of teaching neurology.At present,the research on teaching neurology is of great theoretical and practical significance.It is not only a new theoretical growth point for the development of teaching theory,but also beneficial to the practice of evidence-based teaching,breaking the“neural myth”in teaching,and scientifically improving students’learning efficiency and teachers’teaching quality.The discipline construction of teaching neurology needs to be done by top-down policy guidance and support,strengthening the cultivating of interdisciplinary talents,carrying out interdisciplinary research,and improving the scientific level of the theory and application of teaching neurology.