高校人才培养方案中的利益相关者逻辑及其作用机制

Stakeholder Logic and Mechanism in the Undegraduate Talent Training Program

我国高校本科人才培养方案制订受到多元主体逻辑的影响和形塑,其中政府、高校、市场和学生等作为关键的利益相关者,分别代表着国家逻辑、知识逻辑、经济逻辑及个体逻辑。国家逻辑偏好计划和管控,政府借助“政策法规—经费拨款—质量监控”嵌入人才培养的政治利益诉求;知识逻辑关注生成和创新,高校凭借“办学理念与办学定位—基本办学条件—教学管理制度”构建人才培养的知识内容体系;经济逻辑讲求回报与效率,市场通过“产业结构—岗位任职条件—就业文化”达致人才培养效益最大化;个体逻辑追求成才与发展,学生依靠“择校行为—专业选择—课程选择”构建人才培养的自我价值。基于各自不同的立场和利益诉求,多元主体的多重逻辑及其作用机制始终共同制约和影响着本科人才培养方案制订的各个方面。

The talent training program of undergraduate in China is influenced and shaped by the multiple logics.Among them,the government,universities,markets and students,as key stakeholders,represent national logic,knowledge logic,economic logic and individual logic respectively.The national logic favors planning and control,and the government embeds the political interest demands of talent training with the help of“policies and regulations-funds allocation-quality control”;Knowledge logic focuses on generation and innovation,and universities build the knowledge content system of talent training by virtue of“school running concept-basic school conditions-teaching management system”;Economic logic emphasizes return and efficiency,and the market maximizes the benefit of talent training by“industrial structure-post qualifications-employment culture”;Individual logic pursues talent and development,and students rely on“school selection-specialty selection-course selection”to build the self value of talent training.Based on different positions and interest demands,different logics and mechanisms affect all aspects of talent training programs.