乌鲁木齐市夜间灯光分布及城市重心迁移特征研究

Study on the Characteristics of Nighttime Light Distribution and Urban Gravity Center Migration in Urumqi

文章基于2012—2019年夜间灯光的遥感数据,综合利用统计分析、标准差椭圆等理论方法,研究乌鲁木齐市夜间灯光空间格局变化和城市重心时空演化特征。结果表明:8年间,乌鲁木齐市平均亮度提升了1.95%,2014、2016和2018年提升幅度较大,特别是水磨沟区、新市区、乌鲁木齐县、头屯河区的增幅明显高于其它区域;乌鲁木齐市夜间灯光基本沿南北方向分布,西北方向夜间灯光亮度提升幅度大于其它方向;8年间,重心向西北方向移动了700.52 m;夜间灯光分布的标准差椭圆,面积缩减了246.71 km^(2),灯光分布呈现空间收缩的趋势;标准差椭圆形状接近于圆,灯光分布的离散程度较大。

Based on the nightime remote sensing data from 2012 to 2019,by using statistical analysis,standard deviation ellipse and other theories and methods,this paper studied the spatial pattern change and spatial-temporal evolution characteristics of Urumqi city at night.The results showed that:in the past eight years,the average brightness of Urumqi had increased by 1.95%,with a rapid increasement in 2014,2016 and 2018,especially in the district of Shuimogou,Xinshi,Tianshan and Toutunhe,which were higher than the others of the city,and the nighttime light brightness in northwest direction increased more than that in other directions.The distribution of night light in Urumqi basically showed a spatial pattern from north to south,and the gravity center had moved 700.52 m to the northwest in the past eight years.The area of the standard deviation ellipse reduced by 246.71 km^(2),the light distribution presented a trend of spatial contraction;the standard deviation ellipse was close to a circle and that meant the dispersion degree of light distribution was large.