高海拔隧道冬季施工应急预案研究

Study on Emergency Plan for Tunnel Construction on High Altitude in Winter

因国民经济发展和国防需要,不少高海拔区域隧道工程不得不在冬天施工,作业环境恶劣,容易导致人员伤亡和工程事故。该文针对我国高海拔隧道冬季施工特点,对高海拔隧道冬季施工应急预案开展了研究。依据国家相关法律、法规、标准和有关规定,建立项目组高海拔隧道冬季施工应急救援体系。充分考虑天气造成的不利条件和高海拔隧道冬季施工环境,总结高海拔隧道冬季施工风险,提出了防雪灾、施工便道除雪防滑、防强风、混凝土低温施工、管线防护、机械防冻和人员高原反应的针对性应急处置措施。研究成果可以有效提高高海拔区域隧道冬季施工时施工队伍的应急响应能力和协同救援效率。

To facilitate national economic development and national defense,many tunnel projects in high altitude areas have to be constructed in winter.The tough construction conditions easily trigger casualties and engineering accidents.Based on the characteristics of tunnel construction on high altitude in winter,this paper studied emergency plans for such construction.According to relevant national laws,regulations,standards and provisions,an emergency rescue system is established for the project team in such construction.Taking into full consideration of the adverse conditions brought by climate and the construction environment of high-altitude tunnel in winter,this paper presented the risks in such construction,and proposed specific emergency measures for snow disaster preventing,snow removal and skid prevention on construction road,strong wind prevention,concrete construction in low temperatures,pipeline protection,mechanical antifreeze and high-altitude reaction of the personnel.The research results can effectively improve the emergency response ability and collaborative rescue efficiency of the construction team in tunnel construction on high altitude in winter.