徽州古道遗产管理模式探索

Exploration on the Heritage Management Mode of Huizhou Ancient Road

古道遗产具有地域跨度大、遗产类型丰富和多重管理等特点,不仅具有人文科考和历史价值,同时还有观赏、游憩等生态旅游功能。本研究以徽州古道为例,从文化遗产利益相关者的权力和义务角度探讨并比较了政府主导保护和政府引导市场化运作两种管理模式的利弊,建议古道文化遗产的保护与利用应以政府主导为主、适当引入社会资本运营,坚持非营利性、公益性原则,强化古道的监督权,做好古道整体规划,打造品牌效应,倡导“契约式”和“文化单位自治”的管理模式,通过引入步道系统,拓展古道的保护空间范围。

The ancient road heritage has the characteristics of wide geographical span,rich types and multiple management.It has not only archeological and historical value,but also ecological tourism value.Taking Huizhou ancient roads as an example,this study compares the government-led protection with the government-guided market operation mode and explores their respective pros and cons from the perspective of the rights and obligations of cultural heritage stakeholders.It is recommended that the protection and utilization of ancient roads be dominated by the government,appropriately introducing social capital for operations,adhering to the principles of non-profit and public welfare,strengthening the supervision of ancient roads,making an overall plan,building brand effects,advocating′contractual′and′cultural unit autonomy′management models,and expanding the protection spatial scope by introducing trail systems.