中国流域生态补偿研究综述

SUMMARY OF RESEARCH ON WATERSHED ECOLOGICAL COMPENSATION IN CHINA

采用中国知网数据库中2000—2019年中国流域生态补偿研究的相关数据,综合文献计量分析与文献综述方法,梳理我国流域生态补偿科研成果,介绍中国流域生态补偿研究发展变化,探讨当前研究存在的问题及后续研究方向。结果表明:流域生态补偿相关研究的发文数量经历了初步探索、快速上升、平稳发展3个阶段;流域生态补偿相关研究作者较集中;当前研究热点话题为河长制、横向生态补偿、长江经济带和水污染防治等;理论研究成果主要集中在流域生态补偿机制、流域生态补偿理论基础、流域生态补偿途径、流域生态补偿标准、流域生态补偿原则及流域生态补偿方式等6个领域;实践探索环节呈国家与地方分工合作、纵向补偿与横向补偿齐头并进的局面。综合计量分析结果及我国生态文明建设实际,认为:应加强流域生态补偿法治体系建设、提高公民生态补偿参与度、完善流域生态补偿量化体系;未来研究热点将集中在长江、黄河流域高质量发展背景下的生态补偿问题研究,河长制、湖长制等管理体系构建研究,纵向生态补偿与横向生态补偿的实践问题研究,补偿标准的量化及界定问题研究,流域水污染联防联治途径研究等。

Using the relevant data of Chinese watershed ecological compensation from 2000 to 2019 in China National Knowledge Infrastructure database,this paper applies bibliometric analysis and literature review methods to sort out the scientific research achievements of watershed ecological compensation in China.We introduce the development and changes of watershed ecological compensation in China and discuss the existing problems in current research and subsequent research directions.The results show that the number of papers on watershed ecological compensation has experienced three stages of preliminary exploration,rapid increase,and steady development;the authors of watershed ecological compensation are concentrated;the current research hot topics are the river length system,horizontal ecological compensation,the Yangtze River Economic Belt and water Pollution prevention and control,etc;the theoretical research findings mainly focus on six fields:watershed ecological compensation mechanism,watershed ecological compensation theories,watershed ecological compensation channels,watershed ecological compensation standards,watershed ecological compensation principles and watershed ecological compensation approaches;the research shows the situation of cooperation between the state and local governments,and vertical compensation and horizontal compensation go hand in hand in practice.According to the results of econometric analysis and the reality of ecological civilization construction in China,we should strengthen the legal system construction of watershed ecological compensation,improve citizens’participation in ecological compensation and the quantitative system of watershed ecological compensation.Future research hotspots will focus on ecological compensation under the background of high quality development in the Yangtze River and Yellow River.In addition,we study the management system construction of river and lake chief system,the practice of vertical and horizontal ecological compensation,the quantification and definition of compensation standards,and the joint prevention and treatment ways of water pollution in river basin.