基于递阶结构的城市创新驱动能力评价研究

A Study on the Evaluation of City Innovation-driven Ability Based on Hierarchical Structure

城市创新驱动能力是促进动能转换,优化产业结构升级,服务中国高质量可持续发展的重要载体。基于CiteSpace知识图谱的可视化技术,厘清了创新驱动的理论内涵和演化脉络。基于修正的迈克尔·波特的钻石模型,将城市创新驱动能力分解为创新主体、投入、产出和环境四个维度。利用递阶综合评价法,以代表性的中心城市为例,对中国不同区域的城市创新驱动能力,进行了综合评价与对比分析。研究表明:中国城市创新驱动能力呈现出较为明显的不平衡性,以主区域板块为空间分布的城市创新驱动能力差距较大。伴随区域的不平衡性,不同区域核心城市的异质性驱动优势日趋明显;重庆、北京、天津、西安的创新驱动能力表现优秀,通过持续优化创新活动的基础条件与环境,吸引更多创新主体与创新人才进入,为区域创新活动的开展奠定了基础,进而有效地推动了城市经济与社会发展;哈尔滨、武汉的创新驱动能力有待提升,需要制定出有针对性的政策和措施,优化创新系统的各个要素,并充分发挥先进城市的区域高端辐射与引领示范作用。

Urban innovation driving ability is an important carrier for promoting the transformation of growth momentum,optimizing the upgrading of industrial structure,and serving China’s high-quality sustainable development.The visualization technology based on the CiteSpace knowledge graph clarifies the theoretical connotation and evolutionary context of the“innovation-driven”concept.With the help of Michael Porter’s diamond model,the city’s innovation driving ability is broken down into four dimensions:innovation subject,input,output and environment.Using the hierarchical comprehensive evaluation method,taking representative central cities as examples,comprehensive evaluation and comparative analysis of the urban innovation driving capabilities of different regional sectors in China are carried out.The results show that:China’s urban innovation capabilities show a relatively obvious imbalance,and there is a large gap in the innovation driving capabilities of cities with major regional sectors as the spatial distribution.However,with regional imbalances,the heterogeneous driving advantages of core cities in different regions have become increasingly obvious.The four cities of Chongqing,Beijing,Tianjin,and Xi’an have excellent innovation driving capabilities.Through continuous optimization of the basic conditions and environment for innovation activities,they attract more.The entry of multiple innovation subjects and innovative talents has laid the foundation for the development of regional innovation activities,and effectively promoted the city’s economic and social development.The innovation-driven capabilities of the two cities of Harbin and Wuhan need to be improved,and targeted development needs to be developed.Policies and measures,optimize the various elements of the innovation system,and give full play to the regional high-end radiation and demonstration leading role of advanced cities.Based on the analysis,the policy enlightenment from the dimensions of concept,culture,service,and talents has been refined,in order to provide corresponding theoretical support and practical reference for giving play to the driving force of urban innovation and deepening the supporting role of urban development.