《黄帝内经》影响四时阳气消长的相关气象要素探讨

Relevant Meteorological Elements Affecting the Waxing and Waning of Yang Qi in Four Seasons in Huang Di Nei Jing

目的:探讨自然界四时阳气的构成基础,为中医相关研究提供阳气可量化的参考依据。方法:选取五方16个代表城市60年日照和气温数据累年日均值,进行节段趋势对比及相关性分析,探究阳气消长与两者之间的关系和规律。结果:五方城市的日照、气温除南方日照从冬至到春分时段,东方日照从夏至到秋分时段与阳气消长趋势相反,其余均符合四时阳气消长趋势;五方气温变化与日照呈明显正相关。日照和气温都是构成自然界阳气的物质基础之一,亦是人体外源性阳气的构成部分。且气温作为构成自然界阳气的重要因素,可作为自然界四时阳气消长的其中一种参考标准。五方自然界阳气消长的总规律是从大寒到大暑阳气逐渐增加,从大暑到大寒阳气逐渐减少。结论:阴阳学说是中医理论的重要组成部分,人与天地相参,自然界四时阳气消长规律可运用于诸多理论和临床研究。

Objective:To explore the composition basis of Yang Qi in the four seasons and provide quantifiable references basis for relevant TCM research.Methods:The daily mean values of sunshine duration and air temperature data in 16 representative cities in five orientations for 60 years were selected,and the segmental trend comparison and correlation analysis were carried out to explore the relationship and pattern between the waxing and waning of Yang Qi and the two.Results:Except for the southern sunshine from the winter solstice to the vernal equinox period,the eastern sunshine from the summer solstice to the autumnal equinox period is opposite to the rising and falling trend of the sun,the sunshine duration and air temperature in the five orientations are all conformed to the trend of the sunshine duration in the four seasons.The air temperature changes in the 5 orientations are obviously positively correlated with sunshine duration.The sunshine duration and air temperature both are the basic compositions of Yang Qi,which are also the components of exogenous Yang Qi of the human body.Additionally,air temperature is an important factor in the formation of natural Yang Qi,and it can be used as one of the reference standards for the growth and decline of natural Yang Qi around the four seasons.The general pattern of Yang Qi in the five orientations of the natural world is that Yang Qi gradually increases from the Great Cold to the Great Heat,and gradually decreases from the Great Heat to the Great Cold.Conclusion:Yin Yang theory is an important component of TCM theory.Humans correlating with nature.The waxing and waning of Yang Qi in the four seasons of nature have been applied to many theories and clinical studies.