磷矿浮选药剂研究进展

Research progress on flotation reagents for beneficiating phosphate rock

介绍了反浮选抑磷脱镁、脱硅和脱倍半氧化物药剂以及正浮选抑硅浮磷药剂等的研究进展。从磷矿浮选药剂研究进展来看,磷灰石矿较易选,入选原矿P_(2)O_(5)品位可降至1%~3%,且在5℃低温下均可获得较好的选别指标;磷块岩矿石方面,有关碳酸盐型磷块岩矿石反浮选脱镁捕收剂和抑制剂方面的研究较多,产业化应用技术相对成熟;而混合型和硅质型磷块岩矿石无论是正浮选脱硅还是反浮选脱硅均存在浮选难度大、生产成本高的问题;另外,有效脱除磷矿石中铁、铝杂质的药剂研究进展缓慢,特别是产业化应用依然任重道远,这将是后续研究的重点方向。

The progress of researches on reverse flotation of phosphate rock using reagents for depressing phosphate and for removal of magnesium,silica and sesquioxide,and on direct flotation using reagents for depressing silicate and floating phosphate minerals was presented.From the research progress of phosphate ore flotation reagents,we can find that apatite is easy to be separated from the flotation feed assaying 1%~3%P_(2)O_(5) and satisfactory results can be obtained at a low temperature of 5℃.As a lot of research work was concentrated on development of collectors and inhibitors for reverse flotation of carbonate-bearing phosphate rock,the technology has been proved in commercial operation of beneficiation plant.However there were problems such as difficult to be upgraded and high operating cost when processing the(carbonate-silicate)mixed type of or siliceous phosphate rock whether reverse flotation or direct flotation process was employed.In addition,the research progress is being made slowly in development of reagents for efficient removal of iron and aluminum impurities from phosphate rock,especially industrial application of the reagents is a long-term and arduous task which is the focus of follow-up studies.