道义与报偿:中国科学家在新冠肺炎疫情期间的应急科普意向

Morality and Reward:Analysis of Chinese Scientists’Emergency Science Communication Intention During the Covid-19 Crisis

新冠肺炎疫情早期中国科学家个人化的科普行为值得关注。通过建构基于计划行为理论的概念模型,文章探讨了中国科学家在疫情突发时的应急传播意愿及其影响因素。结果表明:科普态度、主观规范、感知行为控制、道德规范均显著正向影响科学家的科学辟谣行为意愿;基于中国特殊背景提出的变量——感知机构支持能够影响科学家对于科普的态度与感知行为收益,然而感知机构支持与感知行为收益都无法正向影响科学家的科普行为意愿。由结果可知,中国科学家群体在科学传播过程中表现出强组织性特征以及在危机情境之中的高度社会责任感;同时,研究也揭示了“科学传播”向“知识表达”的转变趋势,并阐释了这种转变在未来研究中的独特价值。

This paper examines crisis science communication behaviour of Chinese scientists during the early time of Covid-19 pandemic in China.A conceptual model of the Theory of Planned Behaviour is constructed to examine the crisis science communication intention of Chinese scientists during the early stage of the pandemic.The results of the model show that the conventional variables of the theory of planned behaviour model such as attitude towards science communication,subjective norms,perceived behavioural control,and moral norms all have positive effect on scientists’intention to engage in science communication.A variable proposed in a Chinese specific context--perceived institutional support--positively can influnece scientists’attitude towards science communication and perceived behavioural benifits.However,neither perceived institutional support nor perceived behavioural benefits positively influence scientists’intention of crisis science communication.These empirical findings show the strong organizational characteristics of Chinese scientists in the process of science communication and their high sense of social responsibility in the crisis situation;at the same time,this study also reveals the shift from“science communication”to“knowledge expression”and explains the value of this shift in subsequent studies.