家族性高胆固醇血症研究进展

Progress on familial hypercholesterolemia

家族性高胆固醇血症(familial hypercholesterolemia,FH)是以肌腱黄瘤、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(low density lipoprotein cholesterol,LDL-C)显著升高和早发冠心病(premature coronary artery disease,PCAD)为特征的一种常染色体显性或隐性遗传病。本文分析了FH的国内外研究现状,总结了目前中国已报道的FH人群相关的基因突变位点及治疗现状,同时统计了FH相关专利及药物研发情况。在论文发表方面,FH致病机制与治疗、未成年FH患者研究等成为研究热点;在专利方面,再生元制药、阿斯利康、默克等大型药企在FH检测、诊断、治疗等方面积极探索;在药物研发方面,已有12种药物在美国、日本、欧洲等国家/地区上市,为FH患者带来希望。

Familial hypercholesterolemia(FH)is an autosomal inherited disease characterized by a significant increase in low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),tendon xanthoma and premature coronary artery disease(PCAD).In this paper,we analyze the current research status of FH,summarize the reported mutation gene loci in Chinese FH patients and treatment for them,and elaborate the current status of patents and drug researches.The results show that scientific outcomes of FH are increasing with a good developmental trend and the most popular topics of FH study are pathogenesis,treatment of FH,and research on juvenile FH patients.In terms of patents,large pharmaceutical companies,such as Regeneron Phar-maceuticals Inc,AstraZeneca Plc,Merck&Co Inc,are actively engaged in FH detection,diagnosis and treatment.In addition,12 drugs have been launched in the United States,Japan,Europe and other countries or regions,bringing hope to FH patients.