父母教养方式对“双一流”高校大学生新冠疫情期间亲社会行为的影响

The Influence of Parenting Styles on Prosocial Behaviors of Students from"Double First-Class"Construction Universities under the Background of COVID-19 Pandemic

本文基于北京大学教育学院"‘双一流’大学新冠疫情调查"项目组于2020年6月面向全国15所"双一流"高校本科生收集的截面数据,采用结构方程模型发现:疫情期间,被调查学生积极进行着与社会密切相关的抗疫行动,表现出了新一代青年的责任担当;不同家庭社会经济地位的本科生以不同形式参与抗疫活动,呈现出优势阶层"舍财"、弱势阶层"力行"的特征;家庭社会经济地位正在以父母教养方式的中介机制作用于个体发展,情感温暖型的教养方式为对亲社会行为具有较强的促进作用,过度保护对亲社会行为无显著影响。因此,我们要进一步提升对家庭教育的重视程度。一方面,积极倡导父母对子代的温暖与鼓励型养育方式;另一方面,学校教育要消除父母过度保护教养的不利影响。

Based on the cross-sectional data collected by the Graduate School of Education of Peking University from thirty eight"Double First-Class"construction universities in June 2020,we used structural equation model to find that:during the epidemic period,most of the investigated students actively carried out the fight against the epidemic,showing the responsibility of contemporary youth.Students with different family backgrounds participated in different kinds of activities,showing the characteristics of"giving up money"for the advantaged class and"doing hard"for the disadvantaged class.Family background influences individual development through parenting styles,and emotional warmth-oriented parenting style has a strong promoting effect on prosocial behavior.Overprotection has no significant effect on prosocial behavior.Therefore,we should pay more attention to family education.On the one hand,we should actively advocate parents’warm and encouraging parenting style for their children;on the other hand,school education should eliminate the adverse effects of parents’overprotective parenting.