泸州市某酒厂酱香型白酒生产过程的职业病危害因素及关键控制点分析

Analysis of occupational hazards and critical control points in production of Maotai-flavor liquor in a distillery of Luzhou City

目的识别与分析四川省泸州市某酒厂酱香型白酒生产过程的职业病危害因素,确定生产过程中职业病危害的关键控制点,为白酒行业职业病预防提供依据。方法2020年11-12月通过职业卫生调查定性识别职业病危害因素,通过现场检测定量分析职业病危害因素的危害程度。结果四川省泸州市某酒厂酱香型白酒生产包括酱香型大曲酒生产与酿酒用大曲生产两大环节,主要存在的职业病危害因素是噪声与粉尘。噪声检测结果为80.2~82.8 dB(A),8 h等效声级计算结果为79.0~80.8 dB(A);粉尘检测结果显示,酿酒车间辅料拌和岗位最高为8.19 mg/m^(3),大曲生产车间拌料室粉尘检测值高达142.85 mg/m^(3)。结论噪声监测未超标,大曲生产车间粉碎、拌料、压曲岗位以及成型间粉尘8 h时间加权平均浓度超标。酿酒车间辅料拌和岗位,大曲生产车间拌和润料、粉碎、拌料、压曲岗位以及成型间粉尘检测最高值均超过了最大超限倍数要求。粉碎间、拌料室、压曲间、成型间相关的操作点应作为酱香型白酒生产职业病危害因素关键控制点。

Objective To clarify and analyze the occupational hazards in production of Maotai-flavor liquor in a distillery of Luzhou City in Sichuan Province,determine the critical control points of occupational hazards in the production process,and provide basis for occupation disease prevention in liquor industry.Methods From November to December 2020,occupational health survey was used to qualitatively identify occupational hazards,and on-site detection was used to quantitatively analyze the hazard degree of occupational hazards.Results There were two links in the production of sauce-flavor liquor in a distillery of Luzhou City,including production of Maotai-flavor Daqu liquor and production of Daqu for brewing,and the main occupational hazards were noise and dust.The detection results of noise were 80.2-82.8 dB(A),and the equivalent continuous sound level normalized to 8 hours was 79.0-80.8 dB(A).The detection results of dust showed that the maximum value in supplementary material mixing post of brewing workshop was 8.19 mg/m^(3),and the dust detection value in mixing room of Daqu production workshop reached 142.85 mg/m^(3).Conclusion The The noise monitoring does not exceed the standard.The 8 hours time-weighted average concentration of dust in crushing,mixing,squeeze posts and forming room of Daqu production workshop exceed the limits.The maximum values of dust in supplementary material mixing post of brewing workshop,and mixing and moistening,crushing,mixing and squeeze posts and forming room of Daqu production workshop exceed the maximum overrun multiple.Relevant operation points of crushing room,mixing room,squeeze room and forming room are the critical control points of occupational hazards in the production process of Maotai-flavor liquor.