护理人员心理资本与其职业倦怠的关联性分析

Correlation Between Psychological Capital and Occupational Burnout in Nursing Staff

目的分析护理人员心理资本与职业倦怠的关联性。方法选取原阳县人民医院2019年4月至2021年3月596名护理人员为研究对象,以护士心理资本问卷中文修订版(PCQ-R)调查护理人员心理资本,以国际通用版职业倦怠量表(MBI-GS)调查护理人员职业倦怠现状,统计调查结果,比较不同心理资本水平护理人员职业倦怠现状,分析护理人员职业倦怠与心理资本的相关性,并进行心理资本影响因素分析。结果 596名护理人员PCQ-R评分总分为(87.92±10.57)分,其中希望(26.34±4.52)分,乐观(12.63±2.07)分,韧性(21.49±3.57)分,自我效能感(27.46±5.88)分;MBI-GS评分总分为(77.56±11.30)分,其中情感衰竭(25.16±4.72),去人格化(18.68±4.11)分,个人成就感(33.72±4.69)分;不同水平PCQ-R评分护理人员情感衰竭、去人格化、个人成就感等MBI-GS评分比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);护理人员MBI-GS评分与PCQ-R评分存在明显相关性,其中情感衰竭、去人格化与PCQ-R评分呈负相关关系,PCQ-R评分与个人成就感呈正相关关系(P<0.05);情感衰竭、去人格化是PCQ-R评分降低的危险因素,个人成就感是PCQ-R评分降低的保护因素(P<0.05)。结论护理人员心理资本与职业倦怠问题应得到临床重视,且二者存在明显相关性,可结合科室实际情况采取积极措施降低职业倦怠感,提升心理资本水平,保持团队凝聚力。

Objective To analyze the correlation between psychological capital and occupational burnout in nursing staff.Methods A total of 596 nursing staff in Yuanyang People’s Hospital from April 2019 to March 2021 were selected as the research subjects.The psychological capital of nursing staff was investigated with the nurses psychological capital questionnaire-revision(PCQ-R),and the burnout status of nursing staff was investigated with the international general version of Maslach burnout inventory general survey(MBI-GS).The present situation of occupational burnout of nursing staff with different levels of psychological capital was compared,the correlation between occupational burnout and psychological capital was analyzed,and the influencing factors of psychological capital were analyzed.Results The total PCQ-R score of 596 nurses was(87.92±10.57) points,including hope(26.34±4.52) points,optimism(12.63±2.07) points,resilience(21.49±3.57) points and self-efficacy(27.46±5.88) points.The total score of MBI-GS was(77.56±11.30) points,including emotional exhaustion(25.16±4.72) points,depersonalization(18.68±4.11) points and personal achievement(33.72±4.69) points.There were statistically significant differences in MBI-GS scores of nursing staff with different levels of PCQ-R scores,such as emotional exhaustion,depersonalization and personal achievement(P<0.05).There was a significant correlation between MBI-GS score and PCQ-R score,among which,emotional exhaustion and depersonalization were negatively correlated with PCQ-R score,and PCQ-R score was positively correlated with personal accomplishment(P<0.05).Emotional exhaustion and depersonalization were the risk factors of decreased PCQ-R score,while personal achievement was the protective factor of decreased PCQ-R score(P<0.05).Conclusion Psychological capital and occupational burnout of nursing staff should be paid attention to clinically,and there is a significant correlation between the two,combined with the actual situation of the department to take positive measures to reduce occupational burnout,improve the level of psychological capital,maintain team cohesion.