浑善达克沙地1953—2018年热量资源变化特征分析

Analysis on Variation Characteristics of Heat Resources in Hunshandake Sandy Land from 1953 to 2018

运用1953—2018年浑善达克沙地四周8个气象站日平均气温、日最高气温、日最低气温等观测数据,分析了年平均气温,四季平均气温,日均最高气温,日均最低气温,平均日较差,稳定通过0、5、10、15℃的起止日期、持续日数和活动积温等热量资源变化特征.结果表明,近66 a浑善达克沙地年平均气温气候倾向率为0.42℃·(10 a)^(-1);春季平均气温气候倾向率为0.50℃·(10 a)^(-1),夏季平均气温气候倾向率为0.33℃·(10 a)^(-1),秋季平均气温气候倾向率为0.32℃·(10 a)^(-1),冬季平均气温气候倾向率为0.53℃·(10 a)^(-1);日均最高气温气候倾向率为0.31℃·(10 a)^(-1),日均最低气温气候倾向率为0.50℃·(10 a)^(-1),平均日较差气候倾向率为-0.19℃·(10 a)^(-1);≥0℃、≥5℃、≥10℃、≥15℃持续日数气候倾向率为2.23、2.15、2.50、2.62 d·(10 a)^(-1),活动积温气候倾向率为78.38、78.64、80.85、86.91℃·d·(10 a)^(-1);稳定通过各界限温度起始日期均呈现提前趋势,终止日期均呈现延后趋势.近66 a浑善达克沙地气温升高,尤以冬春季节升温明显;日最低温度升幅明显高于日最高温度,温度日较差减小;生长季延长,活动积温增加,在降水没有明显增加的趋势下,荒漠化风险进一步加剧.

Based on the observation data of daily average temperature,daily maximum temperature and daily minimum temperature of 8 meteorological stations around the Hunshandake Sandy Land from 1953 to 2018,the variation characteristics of heat resources such as annual average temperature,average temperature in four seasons,daily maximum temperature,daily minimum temperature,average daily range,start and end dates,duration days and active accumulated temperature of stable passing through 0,5,10 and 15℃were analyzed.The results showed that the annual average temperature climate tendency rate in Hunshandake Sandy Land in recent 66 years was 0.42℃·(10 a)^(-1).The average temperature climate tendency rate in spring was 0.50℃·(10 a)^(-1).The average temperature climate tendency rate in summer was 0.33℃·(10 a)^(-1).The average temperature climate tendency rate in autumn was 0.32℃·(10 a)^(-1) and the average temperature climate tendency rate in winter was 0.53℃·(10 a)^(-1);The climate tendency rate of daily maximum temperature was 0.31℃·(10 a)^(-1),and the climate tendency rate of daily minimum temperature was 0.50℃·(10 a)^(-1),and the climate tendency rate of average daily range was-0.19℃·(10 a)^(-1);The climatic tendency rates of continuous days≥0℃,≥5℃,≥10℃and≥15℃were 2.23、2.15、2.50、2.62 d·(10 a)^(-1),and the climatic tendency rates of active accumulated temperature were 78.38、78.64、80.85、86.91℃·d·(10 a)^(-1);The start date of stable temperature passing through each limit showed an advance trend,and the end date showed a delay trend.In recent 66 years,the temperature in Hunshandake Sandy Land has increased,especially in winter and spring;The increase of daily minimum temperature was significantly higher than that of daily maximum temperature,and the daily temperature range decreased.The growing season was prolonged and the active accumulated temperature was increased.Without an obvious increase in precipitation,the risk of desertification was further exacerbated.