土壤中N-亚硝胺的预富集、分析测试方法及降解机理

The preconcentration, detection methods and degradation mechanisms of N-nitrosamine in soil: A review

N-亚硝胺(N-nitrosamines)是一类对人类具有高毒性和强致癌性的有机污染物,具有强亲水性,因此易随着水流穿透土壤迁移到地下环境.土壤作为地下水和地表水发生交换作用的重要通道,对亚硝胺的归趋具有重要意义.本文通过对目前已有的土壤中亚硝胺的分析测试方法及降解机理进行综述,研究在该介质中亚硝胺的分析测试难点及解决方法,探索土壤中亚硝胺降解的路径,并对下一步的研究方向进行展望.通过对分析测试方法的总结,为测定土壤中的亚硝胺提供参考,为土壤降解研究提供关键支持.现有的土壤亚硝胺降解研究,集中于几种化合物,缺乏全面的研究分析.已在室内降尘中检测出烟草特有亚硝胺,但目前尚不明确其能否通过大气沉降等途径进入到土壤环境.

N-nitrosamines are a kind of organic pollutants with high toxicity and strong carcinogenicity to human beings. Furthermore, these compounds are easily migrate to underground environment through the soil due to the water flow. As an important channel of exchange between groundwater and surface water, soil environment is of great significance to the fate of N-nitrosamines in water. Therefore, this paper summarized the existing analysis methods of N-nitrosamines. We studied the difficulties and the corresponding solution methods during the analysis of N-nitrosamines in soil. The degradation mechanisms such as the degradation pathway of these compounds in soil were explored. In the end, future research was prospected. By summarizing the analysis methods, this paper provided references for the determination of N-nitrosamines in soil. The summarization of degradation pathway of N-nitrosamines in soil was important for giving supporting information.However, the existing studies on soil degradation were focused only on a few compounds and lack of comprehensive research. Tobacco-specific nitrosamines have been studied in special environment,such as settled house dust. However, it was not clear whether these N-nitrosamines would enter the soil environment through atmospheric deposition or not.