上海解放初期党和政府对重大危机的回应与处理--以夏衍致周扬的一封未刊信件为线索

The Response to Major Crisis of the Communist Party of China and the Shanghai Municipal Government in the Early 1950s

以笔者发现的一封夏衍写给周扬的未刊书信为线索,本文讨论了上海解放初期中国共产党和人民政府在应对和处理重大危机和突发事件时所采取的战略应对和战术安排。文章认为陈云在中共中央和毛泽东的支持下,改变了华东局和上海市政府大力疏散上海企业和人口的决策,而实行就地维持的政策,极大地减少了上海的损失和可能造成的破坏。而上海在面临"二·六"轰炸这类重大突发事件时,能果断、灵活地采取各种措施加以应对。两方面结合起来,可以反映出中共从战时体制向国家政权建设过渡时期的决策变化及其特征。

Based on an unpublished letter written by Xia Yan to Zhou Yang,this paper discusses the response to major crisis of the Communist Party of China and the Shanghai municipal government in the early1950 s.With the support of the Central Committee and Mao Zedong,Chen Yun changed the decision made by the East China Bureau and the Shanghai municipal government who aimed to evacuate Shanghai’s enterprises and population to other provinces.Chen instead implemented the local maintenance policy,which greatly reduced the loss and possible damage of Shanghai.When confronted with major emergencies such as the"February 6 th"bombing,Shanghai took measures decisively and flexibly.These events reflected the changes and characteristics of CPC’s decision-making process during the transitional period from wartime to state power construction.