2018-2020年白银市发热呼吸道症候群监测分析

Surveillance and analysis of febrile respiratory syndrome in Baiyin city from 2018 to 2020

目的了解甘肃省白银市发热呼吸道症候群病例中常见呼吸道病毒的感染状况,探讨致病病原谱及流行特点,为发热呼吸道症候群疾病防控提供依据。方法资料来源于传染病监测技术平台发热呼吸道症候群监测,在靖远县人民医院采集符合发热呼吸道症候群监测病例定义的患者咽拭子和痰标本,收集监测病例相关临床信息,检测咽拭子标本中8种常见呼吸道疾病病毒,检测痰标本中8种常见呼吸道疾病病毒和6种常见呼吸道疾病细菌。结果346例病例中,以发热和咳嗽为主;任一病毒检出阳性率为41.33%,阳性率流感病毒最高、呼吸道合胞病毒次之;不同性别任一病毒检出阳性率差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.405,P>0.05);年龄越小病毒检出阳性率越高(趋势χ^(2)=24.594,P<0.01);不同年度(χ^(2)=11.619)和不同季度(χ^(2)=30.201)病毒检出阳性率差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论流感病毒仍是白银市发热呼吸道症候群的最主要病原之一,冬春季为流行高峰;每年冬春季白银市应广泛宣传流感防控知识,更加关注儿童呼吸道疾病,控制流感病毒和呼吸道合胞病毒的感染。

Objective To understand the infection status of common respiratory virus in the cases of febrile respiratory syndrome in Baiyin city of Gansu province,discuss the pathogen spectrum and epidemiological characteristics,and provide basis for prevention and control of febrile respiratory syndrome.Methods The data were obtained from the surveillance of febrile respiratory syndrome in the technology platform of infectious disease surveillance.The samples of pharyngeal swab,sputum and the related clinical information were collected from the cases met the definition of febrile respiratory syndrome in the people’s hospital of Jingyuan county.The 8 common respiratory diseases virus were detected in the pharyngeal swab,and besides 8 virus mentioned above,6 common bacterial of respiratory diseases were also detected in the sputum samples.Results Out of the 346 cases,the cases mainly presented the symptoms of fever and cough.The detection rate was 41.33%of any virus,and the highest of influenza virus,then of the respiratory syncytial virus.There was no statistical difference(χ^(2)=0.405,P>0.05)in the positive rates of any virus between the male and female,and the younger was the age,the higher was the positive rate of virus detection(trendχ^(2)=24.594,P<0.01).The differences in positive rates of virus detection were statistically significant(P>0.05)among different years(χ^(2)=11.619)and seasons(χ^(2)=30.201).Conclusions The influenza virus is still one of the most dominant pathogens of febrile respiratory syndrome in Baiyin city.The epidemic peak is in winter and spring.The knowledge about prevention and control of influenza should be widely publicized in Baiyin city in the winter and spring each year,and more attention should be paid to the respiratory diseases of children to control the infection of influenza virus and respiratory syncytial virus.