分子设计育种的科技问题及其展望概论

Progress and perspective of molecular design breeding

粮食是人类生存之本,也是社会发展和国家稳定的基石.未来世界粮食安全依然面临挑战.分子设计育种是解决未来粮食供应安全的重要途径,但是目前分子设计育种在理论、技术以及规范化方面还存在诸多瓶颈.本文针对未来农业和粮食生产的需求,归纳了我国和全球面临的粮食安全问题、育种技术的发展历程和我国分子设计育种取得的成绩,提出了未来分子设计育种的发展趋势,探讨了我国分子设计育种面临的瓶颈和对策.同时,围绕分子设计育种科技创新中亟需解决的问题,提出了面向2035年的战略布局,以期为我国未来农业的发展提供重要借鉴与参考.

Food is the most fundamental demand for human beings and the key factor that determines social development. In the future, world food security is still facing challenges. Molecular design breeding is an important approach to solving the problem of future food security. However, there are still many bottlenecks and problems in the theory, technology and standardization of molecular design breeding. To face the demand of future agriculture and food safety production, we summarized the food security problems that China and the world are facing, the development course of breeding technology and the achievements of molecular design breeding in China. We also pointed out the development trend of molecular design breeding in the future, and discussed the bottlenecks and countermeasures faced by molecular design breeding in China. In the end, focusing on the key questions in the scientific and technological innovation in future molecular design breeding, we laid out suggestions on the strategic planning of molecular design breeding towards 2035. The review provides important insights for future agricultural science and technology development.