山西方言声韵调相互影响研究--从合口韵读开口看声母对韵母的影响

Study on the Interaction of Phonology,Rhyme and Tone in Shanxi Dialects--On the Influence of Initials on Vowels from the Reading of Closing Rhymes

主要从中古合口韵读为开口韵的角度,管窥山西方言声母对韵母的制约和影响。晋方言中,合口读为开口的主要有以下韵摄:1.唇音合口字读为开口较为普遍,但果合一、通合一、合三唇音字仍保留合口的读法;2.中古遇摄泥来二母合口字读为开口占大多数;3.部分方言点疑影喻合口字合流读为开口呼。山西方言合口韵读为开口是声母对韵母影响所致,声韵调之间的相互影响是导致语音演变的内部动力,是除接触式音变之外的又一个重要的音变解释。

This paper mainly discusses the restriction and influence of initials on vowels in Shanxi dialect from the characteristics of closing rhyme as opening rhyme in medieval times.There are mainly following rhymes in the opening of Hekou(合口)in Jin dialect:1.It is common to read the words with labial sounds and mouth closing,but the words with Guo(果)group labial sounds of Hekou(合口)in the first grade,Tong(通)group labial sounds of Hekou(合口)words in the first and the third grade still retain Kaikou(开口).2.The most words from Yu(遇)group Ni(泥)and Lai(来)in mid-ancient read Kaikou(开口).3.Some words of Yi(疑)Ying(影)Yu(喻)Hekou(合口)read Kaikou(开口).This paper holds that the opening of Hekou rhyme in Shanxi dialects is caused by the influence of initials on vowels.The interaction of phonology,rhyme and tone is the internal driving force leading to the evolution of phonetics.It is another important phonetic change explanation besides contact phonetic change.