高温超导磁通泵研究进展与发展趋势

Research progress and development trend of high temperature superconducting flux pump technology

高温超导磁通泵是一种基于电磁感应定律的高温超导磁体无接触式供电设备,可在没有任何直接电接触或物理接触下将磁通量泵入超导闭环线圈,以补偿高温超导磁体系统衰减的电流并确保磁体磁场稳定性,从而使高温超导磁体能够工作在持续电流模式下,为实现稳态强磁场提供技术支持。超导磁通泵未来能够替代昂贵的高温超导磁体电流引线,在减小体积和重量的前提下有效提高无线电源设备的能效及可靠性,降低超导磁体带材使用量及制冷机功率,极大地推动高温超导磁体的广泛应用,将对航空航天、国防军事、轨道交通、生物医疗、高能物理等工程应用领域的技术革新做出贡献。本文总结了不同类型高温超导磁通泵的设计方案、技术特点以及最新研究进展,对比分析了各类型超导磁通泵的优缺点与应用前景,阐述了磁通泵在超导磁体及超导电机等应用领域中的潜在发展趋势,为高温超导磁体无线直流电源技术提供了理论支持与技术展望。

The high-temperature superconducting(HTS)flux pump is a contactless charging device for high-temperature superconducting magnets(HTSM)based on the law of electromagnetic induction.The magnetic flux can be pumped into the superconducting closed loop coil without any direct electrical or physical contact to achieve the purpose of compensating for the current attenuation of the HTSM system and ensuring the stability of the magnet's magnetic field.Thus,the HTSM can work in persistant current mode and provide technical support for the realization of steady state strong magnetic field.Superconducting flux pumps can replace expensive HTSM current leads in the future,effectively improving the energy efficiency and reliability of wireless power supply equipment under the premise of reducing size and weight,and reducing the use of 2G HTS tapes and the power of refrigerators.It will greatly promote the wide application of HTSM,and will contribute to technological innovation in aerospace,national defense and military,public transportation,biomedicine,high-energy physics and other engineering application.This paper summarizes the design schemes,technical characteristics and the latest research progress of different types of HTS flux pumps.The advantages and disadvantages of various types of superconducting flux pumps and their application prospects are compared and analyzed.The potential development trend of the magnetic flux pump in the application fields of superconducting magnets and superconducting motors is described,which provides theoretical support and technical prospects for wireless DC power technology of HTSM.