悬吊运动训练对非特异性下腰痛患者腰腹肌表面肌电的影响

Effect of sling exercise training on surface electromyography of lumbar and abdominal muscles in patients with nonspecific low back pain

目的探讨悬吊运动训练(SET)对非特异性下腰痛(NLBP)患者腰腹肌表面肌电的影响。方法选取2018年9月至2020年8月福建省南平市第一医院收治150例NLBP患者,按照随机数字表法将其分为观察组和对照组,每组各75例。对照组给予桥式运动锻炼,观察组给予悬吊运动训练。两组每周训练6次,连续训练3周。比较两组训练前后视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分、日本骨科协会(JOA)下腰痛评分、Oswestry功能障碍指数(ODI指数)及竖脊肌、多裂肌、腹直肌均方根值(RMS)、中位频率值(MF)。结果与训练前比较,两组训练后VAS评分、ODI指数、竖脊肌MF、多裂肌MF、腹直肌MF降低(P <0.05),JOA评分、竖脊肌RMS、多裂肌RMS、腹直肌RMS升高(P <0.05)。观察组训练后VAS评分、ODI指数、竖脊肌MF、多裂肌MF、腹直肌MF低于对照组(P <0.05),JOA评分、竖脊肌RMS、多裂肌RMS、腹直肌RMS高于对照组(P <0.05)。两组均未出现运动治疗相关并发症。结论与桥式运动比较,悬吊运动训练可有效地提高NLBP患者腰腹肌肌力,降低肌群疲劳度,缓解临床症状,改善腰椎功能。

Objective To investigate the effect of sling exercise training(SET) on the surface electromyography of lumbar and abdominal muscles in patients with nonspecific low back pain(NLBP).Methods A total of 150 NLBP patients admitted to Nanping First Hospital of Fujian Province from September 2018 to August 2020 were divided into observation group and control group according to random number table method,with 75 cases in each group.Control group was given bridge exercise,observation group was given sling exercise training.Both groups trained six times a week for three weeks.Visual analogue scale(VAS) score,Japanese Orthopaedic Association(JOA) low back pain score,Oswestry disability index(ODI index),root mean square(RMS) and median frequency(MF) values of erector spinae,multifidus muscle and rectus abdominis were compared between the two groups before and after training.Results Compared with before training,VAS score,ODI index,erector spinae MF,multifidus muscle MF and rectus abdominis MF decreased after training(P < 0.05),while JOA score,erector spinae RMS,multifidus muscle RMS and rectus abdominis RMS increased after training(P < 0.05).After training,VAS score,ODI index,erector spinae MF,multifidus muscle MF and rectus abdominis MF in the observation group were lower than those in the control group(P < 0.05),while JOA score,erector spinae RMS,multifidus muscle RMS and rectus abdominis RMS in the observation group were higher than those in the control group(P < 0.05).There were no exercise-treatment-related complications in both groups.Conclusion Compared with bridge exercise,sling exercise training can effectively improve lumbar abdominal muscle strength,reduce muscle group fatigue,relieve clinical symptoms,and improve lumbar function in NLBP patients.