教学视频播放速度与难易程度对学习的影响研究

Research on the Influence of Instructional Video Playback Speed and Task Difficulty on Learning

当前,倍速观看视频的学习方式已非常流行,但其对学习的影响机制尚不清楚。基于现有研究,在提出“视频播放速度和内容难易程度对学习影响的作用机制模型”基础上,采用实验研究的方法,将114名被试分为4组,分别学习“1.0倍速—易”“1.5倍速—易”“1.0倍速—难”“1.5倍速—难”的教学视频,从而探究视频播放速度和内容难易程度对学习的影响。研究发现:当内容较容易时,1.5倍速在保证学习效果的同时,有利于提高学习效率,但对学习动机和积极情绪有消极影响;当内容较难时,1.5倍速会显著降低放松度和保持测试成绩;在播放速度相同的情况下,当内容较难时,学习者的学习动机低,认知负荷高,学习效果不理想。可见,视频播放速度对学习者的影响在一定程度上受内容难易程度的调节。据此,从教学视频设计和视频学习两个方面提出了改进建议,以优化教学视频设计,提升学习效果。

Watching instructional videos at high playback speed is becoming more and more popular,but the mechanism of its effect on learning is still unclear.Based on the mechanism model of the impact of video playback speed and task difficulty on learning,in this study,we used two-factors completely randomized experiment.114 subjects were divided into 4 groups and studied the instructional videos with“1.0x speed-easy”“1.5x speed-easy”“1.0x speed-hard”“1.5x speed-hard”.Their learning motivation,emotional experience,cognitive load,cognitive process and learning effect were tested to explore the influence of the playback speed and task difficulty of instructional video on the learning process and the learning results.The results show that when the learning task is easy,1.5x speed can improve the learning efficiency under the condition of ensuring the learning effect,but it has negative impact on the learning motivation and the positive emotion.When the learning task is difficult,1.5x speed will significantly reduce learners’relaxation and maintain test scores.At the same playback speed condition,if the learning task is difficult,learners will have low learning motivations,high cognitive loads,and unsatisfactory learning effects.The influence of the video playback speed on learners is regulated by the task difficulty to some extent.Suggestions are made for instructional video designers and learners in order to optimize the design of the instructional video and improve the learning effect.