基于文献计量法的我国可捕规格研究进展

A review of capture standards research based on bibliometric method in China

可捕规格制度是我国重要的渔业资源管理技术性控制措施。论文基于中国学术期刊网(CNKI)全文数据库,以可捕规格为主线,收集1980-2020年发表的218篇研究文献,采用文献计量分析方法(bibliometric analysis)对我国可捕规格的研究进展及制度发展进行研究。结果表明:可捕规格的研究文献数量呈阶段性增长趋势,其中以《水产学报》与《中国水产科学》发文量最高,以涉海涉渔高校为中心的研究机构合作网络稳定,关键词以生长、死亡、年龄为主;我国海洋渔业资源可捕规格研究主要集中在东海及南海区,占81%,研究对象主要为小黄鱼(Larimichthys polyactis)、带鱼(Trichiuridae)和二长棘鲷(Paragyrops edita Tanaka)等;淡水流域主要集中在长江和珠江,占62%,研究物种较为分散;以小黄鱼、带鱼为例,科学研究结果与渔业管理条例对比发现,两者联系不明显。因此,我国可捕规格的研究需要继续加强科研机构和高校的合作,促进信息共享,优化研究方法,将科学与管理结合,加强有效执法,同时注重实施效果评价,从而完善可捕规格管理制度。

It is an important technical control measure of fishery resources management to formulate the capture standards in China.This paper is based on the CNKI full text database,with capture standards as the main line,collecting 218 research documents published from 1980 to 2020,and using bibliometric analysis to study the research progress and institutional development of capture standards.The results show that the number of literature on the capture standards is increasing in stages,the number of papers published by Journal of Fishery of China and Journal of Fishery Sciences of China is the largest.The cooperation network of institutions centered on sea-related fishing universities is stable,and the keywords are growth,death,and age;the study on the capture standards of marine fishery resources in China is mainly concentrated in the East China Sea and the South China Sea,accounting for 81%,and the main research objects are Larimichthys polyactis,Trichiuridae and Paragyrops edita Tanaka;the main freshwater basins concentrated in the Yangtze River and the Pearl River,accounting for 62%,the research species are dispersed;taking Larimichthys polyactis and Trichiuridae as examples,the comparison between scientific research results and fishery management regulations shows that the relationship between the two is not obvious.Therefore,the study of capture standards needs to continue strengthening cooperation between fishery research institutions and universities in China,promote information sharing,optimize research methods,combine science with management,strengthen effective law enforcement,and focus on implementation effect evaluation,so as to improve the capture standards management system.