不同施肥方式对水稻生产特性及经济效益的影响

Effects of Fertilization Methods on Production Characteristics and Economic Benefits of Rice

为探究缓释肥及优化施肥在水稻生产上的应用效果,开展了不同缓释肥减氮及优化施肥试验,结果表明,施用缓释肥及优化施肥能够提高水稻成穗率,改善水稻植株群体结构,增加水稻成熟期株高、干物质重、千粒重、总粒数及水稻产量。缓释肥减氮10%处理比常规施肥处理产量增加了5.9%,增效1829.55元/hm^(2),缓释肥减氮20%处理比常规施肥处理产量增加了3.0%,增效1175.25元/hm^(2),优化施肥处理比常规施肥处理产量增加了3.21%,增效984.60元/hm^(2)。综合产量及主要农艺性状的表现,施用缓释肥能够有效降低成本,增加经济效益和生态效益。

To explore the application effect of slow-release fertilizer and optimal fertilization in rice production.Different slow-release fertilizers were used to reduce nitrogen and optimize fertilization.The results showed that the application of slow-release fertilizer and optimized fertilization could improve the ratio of productive tillers and optimize the population structure of rice.The plant height,dry matter weight,thousand kernel weight,total grains and rice yield were increased.Nitrogen application rate of slow-release fertilizer decreased by 10%compared with the conventional fertilization treatment,the yield increased by 5.9%and the efficiency increased by 1829.55 yuan/hm^(2).Nitrogen application rate of slow-release fertilizer decreased by 20%compared with the conventional fertilization treatment,the yield increased by 3%and the efficiency increased by 1175.25 yuan/hm^(2).Optimized fertilizer compared with the conventional fertilization treatment,the yield increased by 3.21%and the efficiency increased by 984.60 yuan/hm^(2).Considering the performance of related yield and agronomic traits,the application of slow-release fertilizer could effectively reduce costs and increase economic and ecological benefits.