^(18)F-FDG PET-CT对心脏骤停-心肺复苏后脑内葡萄糖代谢及脑损伤程度评价的研究进展

Research progress of ^(18)F-FDG PET-CT in evaluating cerebral glucose metabolism and brain injury after cardiac arrest/cardiopulmonary resuscitation

心脏骤停(CA)是指各种原因引起的心脏泵血功能突然停止,并伴有自主呼吸停止和意识消失的一种常见临床急症,是导致死亡的重要原因;CA/心肺复苏(CPR)后存活的患者可出现不同程度的神经功能缺损,从轻微的认知功能障碍到持续性植物状态甚至脑死亡。由CA/CPR导致的脑损伤病理生理机制尚不完全清楚。正电子发射计算机断层显像(PET)可用于脑功能损伤的检测,主要应用于脑代谢显像、脑灌注、脑血流显像及脑受体显像等,其中以代谢显像应用最为广泛。18-氟-2-脱氧-D-葡萄糖[简称:^(18)F-氟代脱氧葡萄糖(^(18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose),^(18)F-FDG]是一种脱氧葡萄糖类似物,属于葡萄糖代谢显像剂,是目前PET-CT显像中应用最广泛的非特异性正电子放射性药物;^(18)F-FDG PET-CT对CA/CPR后脑内葡萄糖代谢及脑损伤程度可以进行较为客观的评价,本文对此进行综述。

Cardiac arrest(CA) is a common clinical emergency case whose clinical features include the sudden stop of the cardiac pumping function,the absence of spontaneous respiration and consciousness loss,and it is a significant cause of death.The patients who survived after the CA/cardiopulmonary resuscitation(CPR) may have different levels of neurological deficits ranging from minor cognitive impairments to persistent vegetative state and brain death.The pathophysiologic mechanism of the brain injury caused by CA/CPR remains unclear.Positron emission tomography with computerized(PET-CT) can be used for the detection of brain functional injury,such as brain metabolism imaging,cerebral perfusion imaging,cerebral blood flow imaging and brain receptor imaging,among which metabolism imaging is the most widely used.;F-fluorodeoxyglucose(;F-FDG) is a glucose radiotracer, and as a glucose analogue, it is the most widely used nonspecific positron radiopharmaceutical in PET-CT imaging.;F-FDG PET-CT can objectively evaluate the glucose metabolism in the brain and the degree of brain injury after CA/CPR,and the article attempts to expound this.