水母蜇伤后皮肤紧急处理的研究进展

Research progress in emergency treatment of skin after jellyfish stings

随着全球变暖和人类与海洋接触越发频繁,世界范围内水母蜇伤的发病率逐年增加,患者中毒症状从皮肤损伤到严重的全身中毒反应,甚至死亡。水母蜇伤后会在人体皮肤残留触手及大量未释放毒素的刺丝囊,所以第一时间去除皮肤中残留的触手及刺丝囊,阻止毒素进一步释放,减轻进一步组织损伤及疼痛尤为重要。但目前关于水母蜇伤后的皮肤紧急处理方法在科学文献中缺乏共识,不利于医务人员和急救人员的正确处置。本文就水母蜇伤后皮肤紧急处理的相关研究进展进行综述,并提出合理建议,旨在为医务人员和急救人员的紧急救治提供参考和依据。

With global warming and increased human contact with the ocean,the incidence of jellyfish stings is increasing year by year worldwide with the symptoms ranging from cutaneous damage to severe systemic toxic reactions and even death.After jellyfish stings,there will be residual tentacles and a large number of unreleased nematocysts in human skin,so it is particularly important to remove the residual tentacles and nematocysts as soon as possible to prevent further release of toxins,reduce pain and further tissue damage.However,the lack of consensus or weak evidence in the scientific literature regarding emergency treatment of skin after jellyfish stings has hindered the correct management of medical and first-aid personnel.This article reviews the research progress of emergency cutaneous treatment after jellyfish stings,and puts forward reasonable suggestions for the purpose of providing reference and basis for emergency treatment of medical and first-aid personnel.