抑郁症伴睡眠障碍患者的脑电图特点分析

Characteristic analysis of electroencephalogram in patients with depression and sleep disorder

目的研究抑郁症伴睡眠障碍患者的脑电图特点。方法选择2019年3月~2020年10月我院收治的90例抑郁症患者作为研究对象,根据是否存在睡眠障碍分为睡眠障碍组(50例)和无睡眠障碍组(40例),同时选择同期的40例体检健康者设为对照组。三组均进行脑电图检查,比较三组的抑郁自评量表(SDS)评分、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)评分及脑电图参数。结果睡眠障碍组的SDS、PSQI评分显著高于无睡眠障碍组和对照组,无睡眠障碍组的SDS、PSQI评分显著高于对照组,组间差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。睡眠障碍组的睡眠总时间、S1期、S2期、S3期、S4期、REM、睡眠效率显著低于无睡眠障碍组和对照组,睡眠障碍组的睡眠潜伏期、觉醒时间、觉醒次数显著高于无睡眠障碍和对照组,无睡眠障碍组的睡眠效率显著低于对照组,组间差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);无睡眠障碍组和对照组的睡眠总时间、睡眠潜伏期、觉醒时间、觉醒次数、S1期、S2期、S3期、S4期、REM比较,组间差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论抑郁症伴睡眠障碍患者的睡眠效率显著降低,脑电图变化以睡眠总时间变短,睡眠潜伏期和觉醒时间延长、REM缩短为主,临床宜根据患者实际情况进行干预。

Objective To study the electroencephalogram in patients with depression and sleep disorder.Methods A total of 90 patients with depression admitted to our hospital from March 2019 to October 2020 were selected as the research subjects and were divided into sleep disorder group(50 cases)and no sleep disorder group(40 cases)depending on whether there is a sleep disorder.Meanwhile,40 healthy subjects in the same period were selected as the control group.The three groups were examined by electroencephalogram(EEG),and the scores of self-rating depression scale(SDS),Pittsburgh sleep quality index(PSQI)and EEG parameters were compared.Results The SDS score and PSQI score in the sleep disorder group were significantly higher than those in the non-sleep disorder group and the control group,and the SDS score and PSQI score in the non-sleep disorder group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).Total sleep time,sleep disorder group stage S1,S2,S3,S4 period,REM,sleep efficiency significantly lower than that without sleep disorder group and the control group,the incubation period of sleep,sleep disorder group number of awakening time,significantly higher than that without sleep disorder and the control group,no sleep efficiency of sleep disorder group was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).There were no significant differences in total sleep time,sleep latency,wakefulness time,wakefulness frequency,S1,S2,S3,S4 and REM between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusion The sleep efficiency of patients with depression and sleep disorder is significantly reduced,and the changes of EEG are mainly the shorter total sleep time,the longer sleep latency period and waking time,and the shorter REM.Clinically,it is advisable to intervene according to the actual situation of patients.