工科博士毕业生到企业就业的状况及影响因素分析

An Analysis on the Employment Status and Influence Factors of Engineering Doctoral Graduates in Enterprises

高校毕业生就业问题一直广受关注,其中博士毕业生群体的就业去向更是引人注目。本文选取工科博士毕业生作为分析对象,对工科博士到企业就业的状况及其影响因素进行了分析。研究发现:男性、父亲职业是管理层或技术人员、学科排名度高、博士论文为应用性研究、对工资待遇有较高偏好的博士毕业生到企业就业的概率更高。回归分析结果显示,家庭背景因素对于工科博士到企业就业没有显著性影响,而个体特征、动机偏好、学习经历和能力积累在一定程度上会对其到企业就业的选择产生影响,其中,年龄和论文发表指标数对工科博士到企业就业具有显著的负向影响关系。通过构建结构方程模型,研究进一步对工科博士到企业就业的影响机制进行了探讨,并对进一步加强工科博士培养提出了针对性建议。

The employment of college graduates has been widely concerned,especially when it comes to PhDs. This paper chooses engineering PhDs as research objects and analyzes their employment status and influential factors in enterprises. Working in enterprises are more preferred by those whose fathers are managers or technicians,whose school ranks well,whose doctoral dissertations are practical,and whose wage expectations are higher. The regression analysis indicates that family background has no significant effect on doctoral graduates’ choice whether to work in enterprises, while individual character, motivation preference,learning experiences and accumulated capabilities influence that choice to a certain extent. Among them,age and the number of publications have a significant negative effect on the choice of employment in companies by PhDs in engineering.Besides,through the construction of structural equation model,this paper further discusses the mechanisms influencing the employment of engineering PhDs in companies and puts forwards some suggestions on improving doctoral education engineering.