文旅融合在乡村振兴中的作用机制与政策路径:一个宏观框架

Dynamic Mechanism and Policy Path of the Integration of Culture and Tourism in Rural Revitalization:A Macro Framework

推进乡村文化和旅游融合(文旅融合)发展是促进乡村振兴的有效路径之一,需要学界从规划理论、政策路径层面上明确回答促进乡村文旅融合的内在动力机制以及国家政策设计的理论依据。乡村作为中国农耕文明的集中载体,为快速城市化的社会大众(文旅消费者)提供了传统农耕文化的“记忆之地”,广泛存在于社会意识中的农耕文化印象是促进乡村文旅融合的动力源泉。基于乡村文旅融合目标的乡村规划设计,需要从特定空间结构中的多个维度体现农耕文化符号,并形成乡村旅游中的特定文化场景。体现在国家政策设计上,就要求政府从宏观政策上协调理论研究、文化和旅游规划等智库资源,并导入新乡村建设过程;同时,要通过引导建立完善乡村经济共同体和村庄文化共同体,形成乡村共同体与商业机构合作的法律基础,在此基础上引入文化企业,建设乡村文化旅游综合服务平台,强化乡村文化旅游项目落地的能力。

Promoting the development of the integration of rural culture and tourism is one of the effective ways to accelerate rural vitalization.This integration requires Chinese researchers to provide clear answers both in theory and policy making to the questions,such as what is the internal driving force that rural culture-tourism integration,and what is the theoretical basis for the policy making of the state?The rural areas are the centralized carrier of Chinese farming culture,and also a“home to memory”for the consumers of cultural tourism.The prevalent existence of farming culture in social consciousness is the source of power to promote the integration of rural culture and tourism.The planning of rural areas needs to base itself upon the objective of the integration of culture and tourism,presents in multi-dimensions of specific spatial structures the symbols of farming culture,and constructs specific cultural scenarios in rural tourism.Whe n it comes to the policy design of the state,the government is required to coordinate from a macro perspective the resources of theoretical research,the tourism planning and the think tank,and introduce the construction methods of new rural areas.Meanwhile,the government should guide the establishment and improvement of the rural economic community and cultural community to form the legal basis for the cooperation of rural communities and commercial institutions.Under these circumstances,cultural enterprises can be introduced,so as to set up a comprehensive service platform to strengthen the ability to implementation of rural cultural tourism projects.