古今循环时间中的历史反思与文化隐喻——以《故乡相处流传》和《公猪案》为例

Historical reflection and cultural metaphor in the cycle of ancient and modern times Taking Stories Tracked Down in Hometown and Boar Case as examples

在20世纪90年代以来的乡土小说中,古今穿插的循环时间构成奇谲景观,其中,刘震云的《故乡相处流传》和李杭育的《公猪案》较为典型。与20世纪80年代迷宫式的循环时间不同,作家无意借助时间游戏去探索宇宙、人类、生死及永恒之间的关系,而是将它与乡村历史和现实结合,勾连政治、制度、文化、土地等话题,完成反思历史及现实的旨归。依托取消时空界限的场域,作家对大历史进行了拆解,在个人化、戏谑化的叙述中呈现了历史的另一副面孔。经由古人古事的回放重演,也昭示着作家拒绝遗忘的姿态,他们希望通过循环交错的时间为重审当代历史进程提供理性力量。在非常态的时间部署中,作家们从权力异化、国民性劣根与人性之恶周而复始的角度剖析了历史轮回的原因,凸显了对民族历史、当下和未来关联性的思考。

Since the 1990 s, cycling time between ancient and modern times has been a particular literary feature in the local novels. Stories Tracked Down in Hometown written by Liu Zhenyun and Boar Case written by Li Hangyu are typical works. It is not the same as the time labyrinth in the 1980 s. Instead of using time game to explore the relationship among the universe, human beings, life and death and eternity, the writers combine it with the village history and reality, trying to discuss politics, institutions, culture and land in order to reflect on history or reality. First of all, the writers deconstruct traditional history to present another aspect of history in a personalized and playful style way of narrative. Besides, it also reflects the writers’ attitude to refuse to forget history. They want to provide valuable reference for people to rethink contemporary history process in rural China. Finally, writers analyze the reasons for the eternal reincarnation of history from the perspectives of power alienation, national inferiority and humanity, which highlight their thinking on the past, present and future of our nation.