康熙朝诗学走向与陈鹏年的诗歌主张

The Direction of Poetics in the Kangxi Dynasty and CHEN Peng-nian's Poetic Ideas

康熙朝诗学走向大致经历了由前期的纷繁复杂到后期渐趋雅饬的过程,在这一过程中,康熙本人发挥了至关重要的作用,其中以康熙十七年博学鸿词科的诏举和康熙皇帝亲自参与编选诗集对诗坛的影响最为重大。康熙十七年是康熙朝诗学走向的转折点,自此以后,冯溥、王渔洋等人协助康熙整饬诗风,诗坛宗唐之风重新占据上风,但宗宋诗风继续发展。陈鹏年对诗歌的认识和评价主要集中在《道荣堂文集》中,该文集所收文章均作于陈鹏年45岁到60岁之间。此时诗坛继续倡导诗教,唐宋诗风呈现出一种大融合的趋势,诗人大多能够宗唐而不废宋。陈鹏年的诗学取向顺应了这一变化,诗学观念在继承中有创新,其诗歌主张在与底层文人的交往过程中产生影响,从而引导了当时的诗风走向。

The Kangxi dynasty poetics has roughly gone through a process from the complex and complicated in the early stages to the elegant and refined in the later stages,and in this process,Kangxi himself played a vital role,including held Boxuehong Cike(the imperial examination system)and the most significant impact on the poetry world with the Kangxi Emperor's personal participation in the compilation and selection of poetry.The 17th year of Kangxi was a turning point in the direction of poetics in the Kangxi dynasty.Since then,Feng pu,WANG Yu-yang and others assisted Kangxi to rectify the poetic style,and the poetry world regained the upper hand in learning Tang poetry,but the style of learning Song poetry continued to develop.CHEN Peng-nian's knowledge and evaluation of poetry are mainly concentrated in his Dao Rong Tang Anthology,which contains articles written between the ages of 45 and 60.At this time,the poetry world continued to advocate poetic education,and the poetic style of Tang and Song showed a trend of great fusion,and most poets were able to cling to Tang without abolishing Song.CHEN Peng-nian's poetic orientation conformed to this change,and his poetic ideas were innovative in their inheritance,and his poetic ideas were influential in his dealings with the literati of the lower classes,thus guiding the direction of the poetic style of the time.