一种新型坡面穴植结构保水及抗旱试验研究

Experimental onWater Retention Capacity and Drought Resistance Performance of a New Slope Structure with Hole Planting

为解决穴植技术面临的水分限制问题,改善劣质边坡植被恢复效果,通过模拟自然土壤剖面结构对穴植基质进行了改进,即在土壤层结构下增加了砂砾层、碎石层和外接储水罐,组合形成穴植结构模型,并通过透水、保水性和植物极限抗旱对比试验对结构模型进行了验证。结果表明:增加碎石层能够显著提高结构的透水性,且能明显减缓储水罐水分蒸发和消耗速度;增加砂砾层能够明显提高其上土壤层的持水效果,对减少结构内土壤流失有一定作用;增加储水罐可为植物持续供水超过2个月,可使植物极限存活时间达到145d;该结构模型有利于保护和促进植物根系生长及坡面稳固。相比于传统的单层穴植结构,新型穴植结构采用3层组合结构和外接储水罐设计,初步发现在渗透性、保水保墒和抗旱性方面具有明显优势,可有效解决坡面水分限制的问题。

Soil water limitation is the main problem faced by hole planting technology.It should be solved to improve the vegetation restoration effect on poor-quality slopes.So,the soil matrix of hole planting was improved by simulating the natural soil profile structure.Sandy gravel,gravel layer and external water storage tank were added under the soil layer,and finally formed a new slope composite structural model for hole planting.Then the water permeability,retention and plant extreme drought resistance of this structural model were verified by comparison experiments.The results showed that,increased layer of gravel could significantly improve the permeability of the structure,and obviously reduced the excessive evaporation and consumption of water in the storage tank;increased sandy layer could improve the water holding effect of the upper soil layer effectively,the soil loss in the structure was reduced on certain degree;more than 2 months′supply of water for plants could be provided continuously by water storage tank,and the longest survival time was up to 145 days;plant roots could be protected and promoted beneficially by the structure,and it could lead to better slope stability.Compared with the traditional singlelayer hole planting structure,the new structural model,which has three-layer combination structure and external water storage tank,had obvious advantages in water permeability retaining and drought resistance.there for it could effectively solve the problem of slope water limitation.