乡村振兴背景下我国农业价值链金融发展研究

Research on the Development of China's Agricultural Value Chain Finance under the Background of Rural Revitalization

农业价值链金融是涉农金融模式创新的结果,经过多年的探索与实践,目前已经形成了农业专业合作社主导、龙头企业主导和买方担保三种典型模式,成为推动乡村振兴不可或缺的力量。农业价值链金融有助于降低信息不对称和交易成本,还能够弥补农户信用水平不足及实现农业价值链增值。但是,在实践中因农业产业化水平、小农户的信用水平不高,加上金融机构的供给能力不足,影响了农业价值链金融作用的发挥。通过分析美国、秘鲁、日本三国的农业价值链金融运作模式,我国在借鉴国外经验的基础上,应加强要素聚集和融合来提升农业产业化水平,加大新型职业农民培育力度来提升农户整体信用水平,以多元金融主体互动来提升金融服务供给能力,进而不断推进农业价值链金融的完善。

Agricultural value chain finance is the result of innovation in agriculture-related financial models.After years of exploration and practice,it has formed three typical models,including led by agricultural profession⁃al cooperatives,led by leading enterprises,and buyer guarantees,which has become an indispensable force in pro⁃moting rural revitalization.Agricultural value chain finance can help reduce information asymmetry and transac⁃tion costs,and it can also make up for the lack of farmers'credit level and realize the value-added of the agricul⁃tural value chain.However,in practice,the low level of agricultural industrialization,the low credit level of small farmers,and the insufficient supply capacity of financial institutions have affected the role of agricultural value chain finance.By analyzing the financial operation models of the agricultural value chain in the United States,Pe⁃ru,and Japan,based on the experience of those foreign countries,this paper puts forward that China should strengthen the aggregation and integration of factors to improve the level of agricultural industrialization,increase the cultivation of new professional farmers to improve the overall credit of farmers,enhance financial service sup⁃ply capabilities through the interaction of multiple financial entities,and continue to promote the improvement of agricultural value chain finance.