二孩政策放开后产后抑郁症的危险因素分析

Analysis of Risk Factors for Postpartum Depression After the Two-child Policy is Liberalized

目的通过分析二孩政策放开后产后抑郁症的危险因素,为高危孕产妇及时进行心理干预,达到预防及减少产后抑郁症发生的目的。方法方便选取2019年1月—2020年1月于该院分娩的342例产妇进行随诊,首先进行爱丁堡产后抑郁量表(EPDS)初筛,对EPDS分数在10分以上者,由两名精神心理科医生诊断,最终将产妇分为正常产妇组(n=190)、产后抑郁症组(n=152),对比两组产妇的临床特征,采用Logistic单因素和多因素分析基于二孩政策放开下产后抑郁症的危险因素。结果通过相关问卷调查,该次342例产妇产后抑郁发生率为44.44%(152/342),经过单因素条件Logistic分析,正常产妇组与产后抑郁症组在年龄、产妇性格、家庭关系、担心一孩排斥二孩、孕期发生负性生活事件、居住条件不满意等方面差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);将上述有差异资料带入Logistic回归方程计算,证实其为影响二孩政策下产后抑郁症的危险因素。结论二孩政策放开后产后抑郁症的危险因素与产妇年龄、性格及家庭关系、居住条件等有关,及时采取早期干预,对降低产后抑郁症发生率具有重要意义,具有良好社会效益。

Objective To study the risk factors of postpartum depression after opening of two-child policy,provide the mental interventions for high-risk pregnant women and reduce the occurrences of postpartum depression.Methods Conveniently selected a total of 342 cases of parturients who delivered in the hospital from January 2019 to January 2020.The initial screening of the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale(EPDS)was performed first.Those with EPDS scores above 10 were diagnosed by two psychiatrists.Finally,the women were divided into normal maternal group(n=190),postpartum depression group(n=152),the clinical characteristics of puerpera in the two groups were compared,and the risk factors of postpartum depression under the two-child policy were analyzed by Logistic univariate and multivariate analysis.Results The survey results indicated the occurrence of postpartum depression was 44.44%(152/342);the univariate Logistic regression equation showed that there were significant differences of age,characters,family relations,worries about one child rejecting the second child,negative events and housing conditions between normal group and depression group(P<0.05).Logistic regression equation demonstrated that the above aspects were the risk factors of postpartum depression after opening of two-child policy.Conclusion The risk factors of postpartum depression include the pregnant women’s age,characters,family relations and housing conditions,etc.Therefore,the early interventions are of great importance to reduce the occurrence of postpartum depression and achieve the favorable social benefits.