家庭医师团队支撑对居家养老老年人生活质量的影响

Influence of the family doctor team supporting the life quality of the home-based care elderly

目的:探索家庭医师团队支撑对居家养老老年人生活质量的影响。方法:将2018年1月—2019年12月在上海华泾镇申请长期护理保险居家老年人随机分为对照组与观察组各61例。对照组中有男性25例,女性36例,平均年龄(75.8±7.84)岁。观察组中有男性33例,女性28例;平均年龄(74.2±7.53)岁。两组均由同一家第三方护理机构按照上海市长期护理保险服务项目清单按需提供居家养老照护服务。观察组是在此基础上,由家庭医师团队提供个性化的支撑。采用汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)、汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)和世界卫生组织生活质量测定简表(WHOQOL-BREF)调查老年人干预前后焦虑、抑郁和生活质量的变化。结果:干预3个月后,对照组焦虑情绪、生理、心理、环境领域有所改善(P<0.05),观察组焦虑、抑郁情绪、总体生活质量、生理、心理、社会关系、环境领域均有改善(P<0.05),且优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:在居家养老照护服务基础上,家庭医师团队个性化支撑能够有效减少居家老年人焦虑、抑郁情绪,改善生活质量。

Objective:To explore the influence of the family doctor team supporting the life quality of home-based care elderly.Methods:The elderly who applied for long-term care insurance were randomly divided into a control group and an observation group with 61 cases each in Huajing Community,Shanghai from January 2018 to December 2019.There were 25 males and 36 females in the control group,with an average age of(75.8±7.84)years.There were 33 males and 28 females in the observation group,with an average age of(74.2±7.53)years.Both groups were provided with home-based elderly care services by the same third-party nursing institution according to the list of long-term care insurance services in Shanghai,and on this basis,the observation group was provided with personalized support by the family doctor team.The changes of anxiety,depression and quality of life of the elderly before and after intervention were investigated by Hamilton anxiety scale(HAMA),Hamilton depression scale(HAMD)and World Health Organization short form for quality of life(WHOQOL-BREF).Results:After the intervention of three months,anxiety,physiology,psychology and environment in the control group were improved(P<0.05),anxiety,depression,overall quality of life,physiology,psychology,social relations and environment were improved in the observation group(P<0.05),and the observation group was better than the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:On the basis of home-based elderly care services,the personalized support of the family doctor team can effectively reduce the anxiety and depression of the elderly at home and improve the quality of life.