黄河流域水贫困时空分异及影响因素研究

Study on the Spatial and Temporal Differences of Water Poverty in the Yellow River Basin and Its Influencing Factors

为科学合理地评价黄河流域水贫困现状,加强对黄河流域水资源可持续规划和管理,以水贫困理论为基础,构建水贫困评价指标体系,采用水贫困指数模型对黄河流域9省2011—2017年水贫困程度进行测度,分析其时空分异特征及影响因素。结果表明:①黄河流域9省的水贫困程度整体较为严重,且各省的水贫困差距逐年拉大,WPI排名发生变化;②水贫困程度空间差异显著,有严重水贫困、中度水贫困、轻度水贫困3种类型;③从黄河流域整体分析,影响因素中产业结构存在负影响,环境规制、技术水平、农田水利设施建设与水土流失治理面积存在正影响,分省来看,影响每个省水贫困程度的关键因素存在差异。最后提出了促进水资源高效利用、缓解水贫困的建议。

In order to scientifically and reasonably evaluate the current situation of water poverty in the Yellow River Basin,and strengthen the planning and management of the sustainability of water resources in the Yellow River Basin,this paper builds a water poverty index model based on the theory of water poverty,measures the level of water poverty of 9 provinces in the Yellow River Basin from 2011 to 2017 by the model,and analyzes its temporal and spatial differences and influencing factors.The results show that:①The water poverty of the 9 provinces in the Yellow River Basin was serious overall,the water poverty gap was widening year by year,and the WPI rankings of the provinces were changed.②There were significant spatial differences in the level of water poverty,including severe water poverty,moderate water poverty,and mild water poverty.③From the overall perspective of the Yellow River Basin,the industrial structure had a negative impact,while the environmental regulation,technical level,farmland water conservancy facilities construction and soil erosion control area had positive impacts;from a provincial perspective,the key factors affecting the level of water poverty in each province were different,based on which suggestions on promoting the efficient use of water resources and alleviating the water poverty are put forward.