整车电源模式智能化发展趋势

The Trend of Intelligent Vehicle Power Moding System

随着自动驾驶场景的丰富和智能网联功能的普及,电子电气架构正在经历从分布式向中央大脑式的演进。根据电动化的趋势,利用继电器和熔断丝对车载用电器(传感器,执行器和控制器)简单供电方式具有很大的优化空间。如何利用智能化手段来提升车载电源的利用效率将是电动车工程师面临的持续挑战。本文首先介绍电动车的电源转换和分配系统,并分析不同用电器使用继电器和(MOSFET)智能供电电路进行控制的优缺点,其次讨论典型的网络拓扑形式对于网络唤醒行为的影响,再次结合驻车条件下的车辆使用工况,提出对网络管理行为的要求,最后提出集中能量分配模式和动态负载功率控制的设想和实践指导及展望未来电源系统的升级发展方向。

With the proliferation of automated driving functions and the popularity of comfort,convenience and infotainment features,today's electrical and electronics architecture is evolving from distributed topology to centralized topology.Along with electrificiation trend,energy efficiency plays an important role on the transformation of the control pattern of the on-board sensors,actuators and ECUs.How to optimize the energy efficiency become a mainstream topic for improving electrical vehicle experience.In this article,firstly the current available load control patterns are summarized and compared,an observation of the trend to use MOSFET is outlined;secondly the network management requirement on different network topology is proposed based on functional mode analysis on vehicle parking situation;finally an assumption for centralized energy control and dynamic power control are drafted with the outlook of future power generation technology and network behavior optimization.